us

See also: Appendix:Variations of "us"

Translingual

Etymology

From u- (micro-) +‎ s (second).

Symbol

us

  1. (metrology, informal, proscribed) Alternative form of μs.

English

Etymology 1

  • From Middle English us, from Old English ūs (us, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns (us), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (us). The compensatory lengthening was lost in Middle English due to the word being unstressed when used. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uus (us), West Frisian us, ús (us), Low German uns, us (us), Dutch ons (us), German uns (us), Danish os (us), Latin nōs (we, us).

    Pronunciation

    • (stressed) enPR: ŭs, IPA(key): /ʌs/, /ʌz/, (Local Dublin) IPA(key): /ʊs/
    • (unstressed) (US) IPA(key): /əs/, (UK) IPA(key): /əs/, /əz/
    • (Northumbria) IPA(key): /ɪz/
    • Audio (US):(file)
    • Rhymes: -ʌs

    Pronoun

    us (personal pronoun; the objective case of we)

    1. Me and at least one other person, excluding the person(s) being addressed. (exclusive us.)
      Don't treat us like idiots.
    2. Me and at least one other person, including the person(s) being addressed. (inclusive us.)
      Let's ask him if he'll give us a lift.
    3. We, used in the same circumstances where "me" would be used instead of "I", e.g. for the pronoun in isolation or as the complement of the copula:
      Who's there? — Us. (or) — It's us.
      Who's going to go? — Us. We'll go.
    4. Any entity that the speaker is a part of or identifies with, such as place of employment or education, nation, region, language, etc.
      It's not true that the rest of Europe hates us.
      I went to watch my favourite team play Real Madrid, but they thrashed us 5-0.
    5. People in general.
      Grief ages us.
    6. (colloquial) The person(s) being addressed.
      Come on! Wakey wakey! Let's get us up and out of bed, please.
    7. (colloquial) Used to imply connection between the speaker's experiences or activities and a group of listeners.
      Hey guys, in this video I'll show you how I make my upside-down sponge cake. First let's get us a few ingredients that we'll need ...
    8. (Commonwealth, colloquial, chiefly with certain verbs such as give, get, fetch, etc.) Me.
      Give us a look at your paper.
      Fetch us a cold beer from the fridge, would you.
      She's turned the weans against us!
      (talking to oneself) Now then ... let me see ... I hope I'm doing this right ... if we just connect these two wires together ... if it gives us a shock then ... Ow!
    9. (Northumbria) Me (in all contexts).
      Look at us while ye’re speakin tiv us.
      Could ye dee that for us?
    Alternative forms
    Derived terms
    Translations
    See also
    English personal pronouns

    Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are in italics.

    personal pronoun possessive
    pronoun
    possessive
    determiner
    subjective objective reflexive
    first
    person
    singular I
    me (colloquial)
    me myself
    me
    mysen
    mine my
    mine (before vowels, archaic)
    me
    plural we us ourselves
    ourself
    oursen
    ours
    ourn (obsolete outside dialects)
    our
    second
    person
    singular standard
    (historically
    formal)
    you you yourself
    yoursen
    yours
    yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
    your
    archaic
    (historically
    informal)
    thou thee thyself
    theeself
    thysen
    thine thy
    thine (before vowels)
    plural standard you
    ye (archaic)
    you yourselves yours
    yourn (obsolete outside dialects)
    your
    colloquial you all
    y'all
    you guys
    you all
    y'all
    you guys
    y'allselves all yours
    y'all's
    you guys'
    your guys'
    all your
    y'all's
    your all's (nonstandard)
    you guys'
    your guys'
    informal /
    dialectal
    (see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
    third
    person
    singular masculine he him himself
    hisself (archaic)
    hissen
    his
    hisn (obsolete outside dialects)
    his
    feminine she her herself
    hersen
    hers
    hern (obsolete outside dialects)
    her
    neuter it
    hit
    it
    hit
    itself
    hitself
    its
    his (archaic)
    its
    his (archaic)
    hits
    genderless1 they them themself, themselves theirs their
    nonspecific
    (formal)
    one one oneself one's
    plural they them
    hem, 'em
    themselves
    theirsen
    theirs
    theirn (obsolete outside dialects)
    their

    1 See Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns for attested neopronouns.

    Determiner

    us

    1. Designates the speaker(s)/writer(s) as constituting or belonging to the stated category of people (objective case).
      It's not good enough for us teachers.
    2. (proscribed) Designates the speaker(s)/writer(s) as constituting or belonging to the stated category of people (subjective case).
      • 1988 February 7, Mike Riegle, quoting John Royal, “Why Does GCN Have A Prisoner Project?”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 29, page 10:
        Us gays and lesbians in here got a reason to be bitching about the conditions.
    3. (Northern England, Nottinghamshire) Our.[1]
      We'll have to throw us food out.
    See also

    Etymology 2

    From u- (micro-, 10-6) +‎ s (second).

    Symbol

    us

    1. (Should we delete(+) this sense?) Alternative spelling of μs: microsecond.
      • 2002, Peter Spasov, Microcontroller Technology, the 68HC11, page 489:
        ;wait 500 us
      • 2012, Peter Feiler, David Gluch, Model-Based Engineering with AADL:
        The standard units are ns (nanoseconds), us (microseconds), ms (milliseconds), sec (seconds), min (minutes), and hr (hours).
      • 2014, Michael Corey, Jeff Szastak, Michael Webster, Virtualizing SQL Server with VMware: Doing IT Right, page 198:
        Because the flash devices are local to the server, the latencies can be microseconds (us) instead of milliseconds (ms) and eliminate some traffic that would normally have gone over the storage network.
    Usage notes
    • See at um.

    Etymology 3

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

    us

    1. (rare) Alternative form of u's.

    References

    1. ^ Storr, Jeremy G. (1977), Survey of the Dialect of Selston in the Erewash Valley, University of Sheffield, page 161

    Anagrams

    Awa-Cuaiquer

    Pronoun

    us

    1. he/she/it (third-person singular nominative pronoun)

    See also

    References

    • Curnow, T. J. (1997). A grammar of Awa Pit (Cuaiquer): An indigenous language of south-western Colombia. The Australian National University.

    Catalan

    Etymology

    Inherited from Latin vōs.

    Pronunciation

    Pronoun

    us (proclitic and contracted enclitic, enclitic vos)

    1. you (plural, direct or indirect object)
    2. contraction of vos

    Usage notes

    • us is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs.
      Si us plau.Please.
      Si no us importa.If you don't mind.
    • -us is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
      Volia veure-us.I wanted to see you.

    Declension

    Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
    strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
    proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
    singular 1st
    person
    standard jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
    majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
    2nd
    person
    standard tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
    formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
    very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
    3rd
    person
    m ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
    f ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
    n ho -ho li -li seu
    plural
    1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
    2nd
    person
    standard vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
    formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
    3rd
    person
    m ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
    f elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
    3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
    adverbial ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
    locative hi -hi

    1 Behaves grammatically as plural.   2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
    3 Only as object of a preposition.   4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

    Further reading

    Central Franconian

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /us/, (stressed optionally) /uːs/

    Etymology 1

    From Middle High German ūz, from Proto-Germanic *ūt.

    Preposition

    us (+ dative)

    1. (Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) out of, from
      • 1936, Inscription on the Schwarze Katz well in Zell:
        He steiht ferm wie en Zeller us dem Hamm.
        He stands firm as a Zell man from the Hamm [i.e. the Moselle bow around Zell with its steeply sloped vineyards].
    Usage notes
    • Where it occurs in Moselle Franconian, it generally does so only in unstressed position while the stressed form is aus, ous.
    Alternative forms

    Etymology 2

    From Middle High German uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Loss of the nasal is due to a sporadic development (analogous to the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant-law, but later and not systematic); compare Luxembourgish eis, Limburgish ós.

    Pronoun

    us

    1. (most of Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) Dative/accusative first-person plural personal pronoun: us
    Alternative forms

    Fala

    Etymology 1

    From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Latin illōs.

    Alternative forms

    • os (Mañegu)

    Article

    us m pl (singular u, feminine a, feminine plural as)

    1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Masculine plural definite article; the

    Pronoun

    us

    1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Third person plural masculine accusative pronoun; them
    See also
    Fala personal pronouns
    nominative dative accusative disjunctive
    singular first person ei me, -mi mi
    second person te, -ti ti
    third
    person
    m el le, -li uLV, oM el
    f ela a ela
    plural first
    person
    common nos musL
    nusLV
    nos, -nusM
    nos
    m noshotrusM noshotrusM
    f noshotrasM noshotrasM
    second
    person
    common vos vusLV
    vos, -vusM
    vos
    m voshotrusM voshotrusM
    f voshotrasM voshotrasM
    third
    person
    m elis le, -li usLV, osM elis
    f elas as elas
    third person reflexive se, -si

    Dialects:  L Lagarteiru   M Mañegu   V Valverdeñu

    Etymology 2

    Alternative forms

    Article

    us m pl (singular un, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)

    1. (Lagarteiru) Masculine singular indefinite article; some

    References

    • Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

    French

    Etymology

    Inherited from Old French us, from Latin ūsus.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    us m pl (plural only)

    1. (plural only) mores; traditional practices or manners

    Usage notes

    Further reading

    Anagrams

    Gothic

    Romanization

    us

    1. romanization of 𐌿𐍃

    Middle English

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

  • From Old English ūs (us, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns (us), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (us).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /uːs/, /us/ (originally unstressed, but adopted as the usual form by Modern English)

    Pronoun

    us (nominative we)

    1. First-person plural accusative pronoun: us.
    2. (reflexive) ourselves.
    3. (reciprocal) each other.

    Synonyms

    Descendants

    • English: us
    • Scots: us, hus
    • Yola: ouse, ouz, uz

    See also

    Middle English personal pronouns
    nominative accusative dative genitive possessive
    singular 1st person I, ich, ik me min
    mi1
    min
    2nd person þou þe þin
    þi1
    þin
    3rd person m he him
    hine2
    him his his
    hisen
    f sche, heo hire
    heo
    hire hire
    hires, hiren
    n hit hit
    him2
    his, hit
    dual3 1st person wit unk unker
    2nd person ȝit inc inker
    plural 1st person we us, ous oure oure
    oures, ouren
    2nd person4 ye yow your your
    youres, youren
    3rd person inh. he hem
    he2
    hem here here
    heres, heren
    bor. þei þem, þeim þeir þeir
    þeires, þeiren
    1 Used preconsonantally or before h.
    2 Early or dialectal.
    3 Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third person dual forms in Middle English.
    4 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd person singular.

    References

    Middle Low German

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʊs/, /uːs/

    Pronoun

    ûs or us

    1. (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) alternative form of uns
    2. (possessive) alternative form of uns

    Declension

    Possessive pronoun:

    Declension of us
    singular plural
    masculine neuter feminine
    Strong declension
    nominative ûs ûse
    accusative ûsen ûs ûse
    dative ûsem(e) (ûsennote) ûser(e) ûsen
    genitive ûses ûser(e)
    Weak declension
    nominative ûse ûsen
    accusative ûsen ûse ûsen
    dative ûsen
    genitive

    The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

    Norman

    Etymology

    From Old French uis, from Latin ostium.

    Noun

    us m (plural us)

    1. door

    Old English

    Etymology

  • Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (us). Cognates include Old Frisian ūs (West Frisian ús), Old Saxon ūs (Low German os, ons), Dutch ons, Old High German uns (German uns), Old Norse oss (Swedish oss), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin nos.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /uːs/

    Pronoun

    ūs

    1. accusative/dative of : (to) us

    Descendants

    Old French

    Etymology

    From Latin ūsus.

    Noun

    us oblique singularm (oblique plural us, nominative singular us, nominative plural us)

    1. tradition or custom

    Descendants

    • French: us

    Old Frisian

    Etymology

    From Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Cognates include Old English ūs, Old Saxon ūs and Old Dutch uns.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈuːs/

    Pronoun

    ūs

    1. accusative/dative of

    Declension

    Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
    nominative accusative dative genitive
    singular 1st person ik mīn
    2nd person thū thī thī thīn
    3rd
    person
    m hine him sīn
    f hiū, hiō hiā hire, hiāre hire, hiāre
    n hit hit him sīn
    plural 1st person ūs ūs ūser
    2nd person , , jūwer
    3rd person hiā hiā him, hirem, hiārem hira, hiāra

    Descendants

    • North Frisian:
      Most dialects: üs
      Sylt: üüs
    • Saterland Frisian: uus
    • West Frisian: ús

    References

    • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009), An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

    Portuguese

    Pronunciation

    • Rhymes: -us

    Noun

    us

    1. plural of u

    Scots

    Etymology

    Inherited from Middle English us, from Old English ūs (us, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns (us), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (us).

    Pronoun

    us

    1. us

    See also

    References

    Serbo-Croatian

    Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ.

    Noun

    ȕs f (Cyrillic spelling у̏с)

    1. fishbone

    References

    • us”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

    Turkish

    Etymology

    From Ottoman Turkish اوص (us), from Proto-Turkic *us (mind, reason).[1]

    Noun

    us (definite accusative usu, plural uslar)

    1. mind
    2. reason
    3. intelligence

    Declension

    Declension of us
    singular plural
    nominative us uslar
    definite accusative usu usları
    dative usa uslara
    locative usta uslarda
    ablative ustan uslardan
    genitive usun usların
    Possessive forms
    nominative
    singular plural
    1st singular usum uslarım
    2nd singular usun usların
    3rd singular usu usları
    1st plural usumuz uslarımız
    2nd plural usunuz uslarınız
    3rd plural usları usları
    definite accusative
    singular plural
    1st singular usumu uslarımı
    2nd singular usunu uslarını
    3rd singular usunu uslarını
    1st plural usumuzu uslarımızı
    2nd plural usunuzu uslarınızı
    3rd plural uslarını uslarını
    dative
    singular plural
    1st singular usuma uslarıma
    2nd singular usuna uslarına
    3rd singular usuna uslarına
    1st plural usumuza uslarımıza
    2nd plural usunuza uslarınıza
    3rd plural uslarına uslarına
    locative
    singular plural
    1st singular usumda uslarımda
    2nd singular usunda uslarında
    3rd singular usunda uslarında
    1st plural usumuzda uslarımızda
    2nd plural usunuzda uslarınızda
    3rd plural uslarında uslarında
    ablative
    singular plural
    1st singular usumdan uslarımdan
    2nd singular usundan uslarından
    3rd singular usundan uslarından
    1st plural usumuzdan uslarımızdan
    2nd plural usunuzdan uslarınızdan
    3rd plural uslarından uslarından
    genitive
    singular plural
    1st singular usumun uslarımın
    2nd singular usunun uslarının
    3rd singular usunun uslarının
    1st plural usumuzun uslarımızın
    2nd plural usunuzun uslarınızın
    3rd plural uslarının uslarının

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    • us dışı
    • us pahası
    • usa vurmak
    • uslamlamak
    • uslu
    • usuna getirmek

    References

    1. ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*us”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

    Tz'utujil

    Noun

    us

    1. fly (insect)

    Volapük

    Adverb

    us

    1. there
      • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:
        Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.
        Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

    West Frisian

    Pronoun

    us

    1. object of wy