Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/darъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

  • Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-
    Proto-Indo-European *-r̥
    Proto-Indo-European *dóh₃r̥
    Proto-Indo-European *-os
    Proto-Indo-European *déh₃rom
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *dōˀra
    Proto-Slavic *darъ

    Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dōˀra, from an earlier *dōˀran, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃rom (“gift”), from the root *deh₃- (“to give”),[1] turning masculine by Illič-Svityč's rule. By surface analysis, *dati (“to give”) +‎ *-rъ.

    Direct cognates are Ancient Greek δῶρον (dôron, “gift”), Old Armenian տուր (tur). Indirect cognates (with the suffix *-no) are Latin dōnum (“gift”), Sanskrit दान (dāná, “gift”).

    Reconstruction

    Vasmer and Derksen assume an original v-stem, but ESSJa claims that the forms with -ov- are secondary. Sławski claims that the evidence in inconclusive, and the history of the word as well as the derivatives indicate a coexistence of a v-stem.

    Noun

    *dȃrъ m[1][2][3]

    1. gift (given to another)
    2. (figuratively) talent, gift (ability)
    3. (in the plural) ceremonial gifts offered to the bride and groom during a wedding or exchanged during the wedding between the closest relatives and newlyweds

    Inflection

    Declension of *dȃrъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *dȃrъ *dȃry *dȃrove
    genitive *dȃru *darovù *daròvъ
    dative *dȃrovi *darъmà *dȃrъmъ
    accusative *dȃrъ *dȃry *dȃry
    instrumental *dȃrъmь *darъmà *darъmì
    locative *darú *darovù *dȃrъxъ
    vocative *daru *dȃry *dȃrove

    Derived terms

    • *dariti
    • *darьba
    • *darьje
    • *darьmo
    • *darьnъ
    • *darovati
    • *darovitъ
    • *darovьinъ
    • *darovъ
    • *darъkъ

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: даръ (darŭ)
    • South Slavic:
    • West Slavic:

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dȃrъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 96: “m. u (c) ‘gift’”
    2. ^ Kapović, Mate (2007), “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎[1], University of Vienna, page 7: “*dȃrъ”
    3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “darъ daru”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 137; PR 137; RPT 102)”

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “дар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*darъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 191
    • Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*darъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 346
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