Swahili
Etymology
From Arabic شَجَّعَ (šajjaʕa) + -isha.
Verb
-shajiisha (infinitive kushajiisha)
- to motivate, encourage
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shajiisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nashajiisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shajiishe
|
| Negative
|
-shajiishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
shajiisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shajiisha
|
| Plural
|
shajiisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushajiisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishajiisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushajiisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashajiisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashajiisha/nashajiisha
|
tunashajiisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unashajiisha
|
mnashajiisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashajiisha
|
wanashajiisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashajiisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shajiishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishajiishi
|
hatushajiishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hushajiishi
|
hamshajiishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashajiishi
|
hawashajiishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shajiishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashajiisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashajiisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shajiishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishajiishe
|
tushajiishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ushajiishe
|
mshajiishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashajiishe
|
washajiishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shajiishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishajiishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshajiisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshajiisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishajiisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishajiisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashajiisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashajiisha
|
twashajiisha
|
| 2nd person
|
washajiisha
|
mwashajiisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashajiisha
|
washajiisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washajiisha
|
yashajiisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashajiisha
|
yashajiisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashajiisha
|
vyashajiisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashajiisha
|
zashajiisha
|
| u(XI)
|
washajiisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashajiisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashajiisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashajiisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshajiisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashajiisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashajiisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishajiisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhajiisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kashajiisha / positive subject concord + -kashajiisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashajiishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nishajiisha
|
-tushajiisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kushajiisha
|
-washajiisha/-kushajiisheni/-washajiisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mshajiisha
|
-washajiisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ushajiisha
|
-ishajiisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lishajiisha
|
-yashajiisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kishajiisha
|
-vishajiisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ishajiisha
|
-zishajiisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ushajiisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kushajiisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pashajiisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mushajiisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jishajiisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shajiisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shajiishaye
|
-shajiishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shajiishao
|
-shajiishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shajiishalo
|
-shajiishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shajiishacho
|
-shajiishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shajiishayo
|
-shajiishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shajiishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shajiishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shajiishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shajiishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shajiisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshajiisha
|
-oshajiisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshajiisha
|
-yoshajiisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshajiisha
|
-yoshajiisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshajiisha
|
-vyoshajiisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshajiisha
|
-zoshajiisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshajiisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshajiisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshajiisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshajiisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms