commander
See also: Commander
English
Etymology
From Middle English comaundour, commaunder, comaunder, borrowed from Old French comandeor, cumandeur, from comander. By surface analysis, command + -er. See command.
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /kəˈmændɚ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /kəˈmɑːndə/
- (Northern England) IPA(key): /kəˈmandə/
Audio (US): (file)
Noun
commander (plural commanders)
- One who exercises control and direction of a military or naval organization.
- 1883, United States. War Department, Annual Reports of the War Department, volume 1, page 128:
- I think if post commanders of the unchaplained posts could employ acceptable clergymen […] then the needs might be met.
- 2007 September 30, Douglas Brinkley, “Overlord’s Overlord”, in The New York Times[1]:
- Instead, Korda squeezes Eisenhower’s extraordinary two-term presidency — not to mention his stints as president of Columbia University and commander of NATO forces — into 140 themeless pages.
- A naval officer whose rank is above that of a lieutenant commander and below that of captain.
- 2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Earth:
- Shepard: I don't take orders from you anymore, remember?
Anderson: Consider yourself reinstated... Commander.
- One who exercises control and direction over a group of persons.
- A designation or rank in certain non-military organizations such as NASA and various police forces.
- (obsolete) The chief officer of a commandry.
- A heavy beetle or wooden mallet, used in paving, in sail lofts, etc.
- A rank within an honorary order: e.g. Commander of the Legion of Honour.
- Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the Asian genus Moduza.
- (Singapore, military) A soldier who has attained the rank of sergeant or higher
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
one who exercises control and direction over a group of persons
|
commander in an honorary order
|
French
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Middle French commander, from Old French comander, from Latin commandāre, from commendō + mandō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔ.mɑ̃.de/
- Homophones: commandai, commandé, commandée, commandées, commandés, commandez
Audio: (file) Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
commander
Conjugation
Conjugation of commander (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | commander | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | commandant /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | commandé /kɔ.mɑ̃.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | commande /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
commandes /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
commande /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
commandons /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɔ̃/ |
commandez /kɔ.mɑ̃.de/ |
commandent /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
| imperfect | commandais /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɛ/ |
commandais /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɛ/ |
commandait /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɛ/ |
commandions /kɔ.mɑ̃.djɔ̃/ |
commandiez /kɔ.mɑ̃.dje/ |
commandaient /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | commandai /kɔ.mɑ̃.de/ |
commandas /kɔ.mɑ̃.da/ |
commanda /kɔ.mɑ̃.da/ |
commandâmes /kɔ.mɑ̃.dam/ |
commandâtes /kɔ.mɑ̃.dat/ |
commandèrent /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | commanderai /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁe/ |
commanderas /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁa/ |
commandera /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁa/ |
commanderons /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
commanderez /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁe/ |
commanderont /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | commanderais /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
commanderais /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
commanderait /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ |
commanderions /kɔ.mɑ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/ |
commanderiez /kɔ.mɑ̃.də.ʁje/ |
commanderaient /kɔ.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | commande /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
commandes /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
commande /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
commandions /kɔ.mɑ̃.djɔ̃/ |
commandiez /kɔ.mɑ̃.dje/ |
commandent /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
| imperfect2 | commandasse /kɔ.mɑ̃.das/ |
commandasses /kɔ.mɑ̃.das/ |
commandât /kɔ.mɑ̃.da/ |
commandassions /kɔ.mɑ̃.da.sjɔ̃/ |
commandassiez /kɔ.mɑ̃.da.sje/ |
commandassent /kɔ.mɑ̃.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | commande /kɔ.mɑ̃d/ |
— | commandons /kɔ.mɑ̃.dɔ̃/ |
commandez /kɔ.mɑ̃.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “commander”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Old French comander, from Latin commandāre, from commendō + mandō.
Verb
commander
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of commander
| infinitive | simple | commander | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | commandant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | commandé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | commande | commandes | commande | commandons | commandez | commandent |
| imperfect | commandois, commandoys | commandois, commandoys | commandoit, commandoyt | commandions, commandyons | commandiez, commandyez | commandoient, commandoyent | |
| past historic | commanda | commandas | commanda | commandasmes | commandastes | commanderent | |
| future | commanderai, commanderay | commanderas | commandera | commanderons | commanderez | commanderont | |
| conditional | commanderois, commanderoys | commanderois, commanderoys | commanderoit, commanderoyt | commanderions, commanderyons | commanderiez, commanderyez | commanderoient, commanderoyent | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | commande | commandes | commande | commandons | commandez | commandent |
| imperfect | commandasse | commandasses | commandast | commandassions | commandassiez | commandassent | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | commande | — | commandons | commandez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). | |||||||