boc

See also: Appendix:Variations of "boc"

Translingual

Symbol

boc

  1. (international standards, obsolete) Former ISO 639-3 language code for Bakung Kenyah.

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pre-Roman, possibly from Old High German boc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ-.

Pronunciation

Noun

boc m (plural bocs)

  1. buck, he-goat, male goat
    Synonym: cabró
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Bock.

Pronunciation

Noun

boc m (plural bocs)

  1. pint glass, half-liter jug

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɔk/
  • Audio (France (Vosges)):(file)
  • Audio (France (Somain)):(file)

Noun

boc m (plural bocs)

  1. (Norman dialect) type of horse-drawn carriage

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish boc (“he-goat”) (compare modern poc), from Proto-Celtic *bukkos.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bˠok/[1], [bˠʌk][2], [bˠɔk][3]

Noun

boc m (genitive singular boic, nominative plural boic)

  1. fellow, bloke, guy, dude
  2. (archaic) buck, he-goat

Declension

Declension of boc (first declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative boc boic
vocative a bhoic a bhoca
genitive boic boc
dative boc boic
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an boc na boic
genitive an bhoic na mboc
dative leis an mboc
don bhoc 		leis na boic

Synonyms

  • (buck, he-goat): poc

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of boc
radical lenition eclipsis
boc bhoc mboc

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977), Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], page 307
  2. ^ Stockman, Gerard (1974), The Irish of Achill, Co. Mayo (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 2), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast, section 970, page 100
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 411, page 135

Further reading

Middle Dutch

Etymology

Inherited from Old Dutch buc

Noun

boc m

  1. buck, billygoat, he-goat, male goat

Inflection

Strong masculine noun
singular plural
nominative boc bocke
accusative boc bocke
genitive bocs bocke
dative bocke bocken

Alternative forms

Descendants

  • Dutch: bok (see there for further descendants)
  • Limburgish: bók
  • West Flemish: buk

Further reading

  • “boc”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “buc (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page buc

Middle English

Noun

boc

  1. alternative form of bok

Old English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /boːk/

Etymology 1

  • Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks, whence also Old Frisian bōk (West Frisian boek), Old Saxon bōk (Low German Book), Dutch boek, Old High German buoh (German Buch), Old Norse bók (Danish bog, Norwegian bok), Swedish bok), Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰 (bōka). The Germanic root is often taken to be related to the word for beech, the wood of rune-tablets.

    Noun

    bōc f

    1. book
      • c. 995, Ælfric, Excerptiones de Arte Grammatica Anglice
        Littera is stæf on englisċ and is sē lǣsta dǣl on bōcum and untōdǣledlīċ.
        Littera means letter in English and is the indivisible and smallest part of books.
    Declension

    Strong consonant stem:

    singular plural
    nominative bōc bēċ
    accusative bōc bēċ
    genitive bēċ, bōce bōca
    dative bēċ bōcum
    Derived terms
    Descendants

    Etymology 2

    Inherited from Proto-Germanic *bōkō.

    Noun

    bōc f

    1. beech
      Synonyms: bōctrēow, bēċe
    Declension

    Strong ō-stem:

    singular plural
    nominative bōc bōca, bōce
    accusative bōce bōca, bōce
    genitive bōce bōca
    dative bōce bōcum

    Old High German

    Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, whence also Old English buc, Old Norse bukkr; from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ- (“ram”).

    Noun

    boc m

    1. buck, male deer

    Descendants

    Old Irish

    Alternative forms

    • bocc

    Etymology

    From Proto-Celtic *bukkos.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈbok/

    Noun

    boc m (genitive buic, nominative plural buic)

    1. he-goat
      • c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
        Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
        It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.

    Declension

    Masculine o-stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative boc, bocc bocL, bocc buic(c)L
    vocative buic(c) bocL, bocc buccuH
    accusative bocN, bocc bocL, bocc buccuH
    genitive buic(c)L boc, bocc bocN, bocc
    dative buc(c)L bocaib bocaib
    Initial mutations of a following adjective:
    • H = triggers aspiration
    • L = triggers lenition
    • N = triggers nasalization

    Descendants

    • Irish: boc
    • Scottish Gaelic: boc

    Mutation

    Mutation of boc
    radical lenition nasalization
    boc boc
    pronounced with /β-/    		 mboc

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    Further reading

    Old Saxon

    Noun

    boc f

    1. alternative spelling of bok

    Romanian

    Etymology

    Unknown.

    Noun

    boc n (plural bocuri)

    1. sound of a hammer

    Declension

    Declension of boc
    singular plural
    indefinite definite indefinite definite
    nominative-accusative boc bocul bocuri bocurile
    genitive-dative boc bocului bocuri bocurilor
    vocative bocule bocurilor

    References

    • boc in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

    Scottish Gaelic

    Pronunciation

    Etymology 1

    Inherited from Middle Irish boc, from Old Irish boc, poc(c) (“he-goat”), from Proto-Celtic *bukkos.

    Noun

    boc m (genitive singular buic, plural buic)

    1. buck, roebuck
    2. billygoat, he-goat, male goat
    Derived terms
    • boc glas (“large dogfish; shark”)
    • boc-Bealltainn (“wild or unmanageable entire horse”)
    • boc-caol
    • boc-cluigeineach (“bell-wether”)
    • boc-dheamhan (“satyr”)
    • boc-dubh Innseanach (“Indian blackbuck”)
    • boc-earba
    • boc-gobhai
    • boc-goibhre (“he-goat, billy goat”)
    • boc-maighich (“buck-hare”)
    • boc-roin (“prawn; shrimp”)
    • boc-ruadh
    • boc-saic (“snipe”)
    • boc-seang
    • bocan (“small buck”)
    • fear-boc (“roebuck”)
    • laos-boc (“castrated goat, wether goat”)

    Etymology 2

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Verb

    boc (past bhoc, future bocaidh, verbal noun bocadh, past participle bocte)

    1. bounce, leap / jump (up and down), skip
    2. prance
    3. flutter
    Derived terms
    • boc-thonn (“breaker (wave)”)

    Noun

    boc m

    1. deceit, fraud
    2. blow, box, stroke

    References

    1. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
    2. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941), “The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire”, in A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, volume II, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
    3. ^ Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN

    Further reading

    • Edward Dwelly (1911), “boc”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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