Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōk

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bōks.

Noun

*bōk f^[1]

inscribed billet, letter
book

Inflection

Consonant stem
	Singular
Nominative	*bōk
Genitive	*bōki
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*bōk	*bōki
Accusative	*bōku	*bōki
Genitive	*bōki	*bōkō
Dative	*bōki	*bōkum
Instrumental	*bōki	*bōkum

Derived terms

Descendants

Old English: bōc
- Middle English: bok, boc, boke, book, booke, buk, buke
  - English: book (see there for further descendants)
    Geordie: buik, beuk, byuk
  - Scots: buik, beuk, buke, beuck
  - Yola: buke
Old Frisian: bōk
- North Frisian:
  Föhr: buk
  
  Helgoland: Buk
  
  Mooring: bök
  
  Sylt: Bok
- Saterland Frisian: Bouk
- West Frisian: boek
Old Saxon: bōk, buok
- Middle Low German: bôk, buk
  - Low German:
    Dutch Low Saxon: book
    German Low German: Book
  - Plautdietsch: Buak
Old Dutch: buoc, buok
- Middle Dutch: boec
  - Dutch: boek (see there for further descendants)
  - Limburgish: book
  - ⇒ Middle French: boucquain (from a diminutive)
    - French: bouquin
Old High German: buoh, puoh
- Middle High German: buoch
  - Alemannic German: Buech, Büäch
    Alsatian: Bööch, Büech
    Swabian: Buach
  - Bavarian: Buach
    Münsterländisch: Büak
  - Central Franconian: Booch, Buch
    Hunsrik: Buch
    Kölsch: Booch
    Luxembourgish: Buch
  - East Franconian: Bouch
  - German: Buch
  - Rhine Franconian: Buch, Busch
    Pennsylvania German: Buch
  - Vilamovian: büch
  - Yiddish: בוך (bukh)

References

^ Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 286: “nom. pl. *bōkiz ‘inscribed billets’ [...] > PWGmc *bōki”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 286: “nom. pl. *bōkiz ‘inscribed billets’ [...] > PWGmc *bōki”

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