संकट
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit संकट (saṃkaṭa).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /səŋ.kəʈ/, [sɐ̃ŋ.kɐʈ]
Noun
संकट • (saṅkaṭ) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | संकट saṅkaṭ |
संकट saṅkaṭ |
| oblique | संकट saṅkaṭ |
संकटों saṅkaṭõ |
| vocative | संकट saṅkaṭ |
संकटो saṅkaṭo |
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit संकट (saṃkaṭa).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /səŋ.kəʈ/
Noun
संकट • (saṅkaṭ) n
- calamity, crisis, adversity
- Synonym: विपत्ती (vipattī)
- hazard, danger
- Synonym: धोका (dhokā)
- narrow, strait, contracted
- Synonym: अरुंद (arunda)
Declension
| Declension of संकट (neut cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
संकट saṅkaṭ | ||
| direct plural |
संकटे, संकटं saṅkaṭe, saṅkṭa | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
संकट saṅkaṭ |
संकटे, संकटं saṅkaṭe, saṅkṭa | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
संकटा saṅkaṭā |
संकटां- saṅkaṭān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
संकटाला saṅkaṭālā |
संकटांना saṅkaṭānnā | |
| ergative | संकटाने, संकटानं saṅkaṭāne, saṅkaṭāna |
संकटांनी saṅkaṭānnī | |
| instrumental | संकटाशी saṅkaṭāśī |
संकटांशी saṅkaṭānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
संकटात saṅkaṭāt |
संकटांत saṅkaṭāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
संकटा saṅkaṭā |
संकटांनो saṅkaṭānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of संकट (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
संकटाचा saṅkaṭāċā |
संकटाचे saṅkaṭāċe |
संकटाची saṅkaṭācī |
संकटाच्या saṅkaṭācā |
संकटाचे, संकटाचं saṅkaṭāċe, saṅkaṭāċa |
संकटाची saṅkaṭācī |
संकटाच्या saṅkaṭācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
संकटांचा saṅkaṭānċā |
संकटांचे saṅkaṭānċe |
संकटांची saṅkaṭāñcī |
संकटांच्या saṅkaṭāncā |
संकटांचे, संकटांचं saṅkaṭānċe, saṅkaṭānċa |
संकटांची saṅkaṭāñcī |
संकटांच्या saṅkaṭāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “संकट”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “संकट”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Old Awadhi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संकट (saṃkaṭa).
Noun
संकट (saṃkaṭa)
- a crisis, calamity, disaster
- c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Saṅkaṭmocan Hanumān Aṣṭak:
- यह संकट काहु सों जात न टारो
- yaha saṃkaṭa kāhu soṃ jāta na ṭāro
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- यह संकट काहु सों जात न टारो
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- সংকট (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬂᬓᬝ (Balinese script)
- সংকট (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰽𑰎𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀁𑀓𑀝 (Brahmi script)
- သံကဋ (Burmese script)
- સંકટ (Gujarati script)
- ਸਂਕਟ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌂𑌕𑌟 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦁꦏꦛ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂁𑂍𑂗 (Kaithi script)
- ಸಂಕಟ (Kannada script)
- សំកដ (Khmer script)
- ສໍກຏ (Lao script)
- സംകട (Malayalam script)
- ᢀ᠋ᠰ᠌ᠠᡬᠠᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘽𑘎𑘘 (Modi script)
- ᢀ᠋ᠰᠠᢉᠠᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧞𑦮𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑑄𑐎𑐚 (Newa script)
- ସଂକଟ (Odia script)
- ꢱꢀꢒꢜ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆁𑆑𑆛 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖽𑖎𑖘 (Siddham script)
- සංකට (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑪖𑩜𑩦 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚫𑚊𑚔 (Takri script)
- ஸஂகட (Tamil script)
- సంకట (Telugu script)
- สํกฏ (Thai script)
- སཾ་ཀ་ཊ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑓀𑒏𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨸𑨋𑨔 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Possibly a sanskritization of Middle Indo-Aryan—e.g. Prakrit संकड (saṃkaḍa, “narrow”)—, from Sanskrit *सं-कृत (*saṃ-kṛta, “narrowed”), from the root संकृ (saṃ-√kṛ, “to put together”). Compare विकट (vikaṭa, “large”), निकट (nikaṭa, “near”), प्रकट (prakaṭa, “obvious”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /sɐŋ.kɐ.ʈɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /s̪ɐŋ.kɐ.ʈɐ/
Adjective
संकट • (saṃkaṭa) stem
- brought together, contracted, closed, narrow, strait
- 200 BCE – 1200, Kāvya literature
- crowded together, dense, impervious, impassable
- dangerous, critical
- (at the end of a compound) crowded with, full of
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | संकटः (saṃkaṭaḥ) | संकटौ (saṃkaṭau) | संकटाः (saṃkaṭāḥ) |
| accusative | संकटम् (saṃkaṭam) | संकटौ (saṃkaṭau) | संकटान् (saṃkaṭān) |
| instrumental | संकटेन (saṃkaṭena) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटैः (saṃkaṭaiḥ) |
| dative | संकटाय (saṃkaṭāya) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटेभ्यः (saṃkaṭebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | संकटात् (saṃkaṭāt) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटेभ्यः (saṃkaṭebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | संकटस्य (saṃkaṭasya) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटानाम् (saṃkaṭānām) |
| locative | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटेषु (saṃkaṭeṣu) |
| vocative | संकट (saṃkaṭa) | संकटौ (saṃkaṭau) | संकटाः (saṃkaṭāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | संकटा (saṃkaṭā) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटाः (saṃkaṭāḥ) |
| accusative | संकटाम् (saṃkaṭām) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटाः (saṃkaṭāḥ) |
| instrumental | संकटया (saṃkaṭayā) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटाभिः (saṃkaṭābhiḥ) |
| dative | संकटायै (saṃkaṭāyai) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटाभ्यः (saṃkaṭābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | संकटायाः (saṃkaṭāyāḥ) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटाभ्यः (saṃkaṭābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | संकटायाः (saṃkaṭāyāḥ) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटानाम् (saṃkaṭānām) |
| locative | संकटायाम् (saṃkaṭāyām) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटासु (saṃkaṭāsu) |
| vocative | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटाः (saṃkaṭāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | संकटम् (saṃkaṭam) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटानि (saṃkaṭāni) |
| accusative | संकटम् (saṃkaṭam) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटानि (saṃkaṭāni) |
| instrumental | संकटेन (saṃkaṭena) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटैः (saṃkaṭaiḥ) |
| dative | संकटाय (saṃkaṭāya) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटेभ्यः (saṃkaṭebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | संकटात् (saṃkaṭāt) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटेभ्यः (saṃkaṭebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | संकटस्य (saṃkaṭasya) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटानाम् (saṃkaṭānām) |
| locative | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटेषु (saṃkaṭeṣu) |
| vocative | संकट (saṃkaṭa) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटानि (saṃkaṭāni) |
Noun
संकट • (saṃkaṭa) stem, n
- a narrow passage, strait, defile, pass
- a difficulty, critical condition
- (in compound) danger to or from
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | संकटम् (saṃkaṭam) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटानि (saṃkaṭāni) |
| accusative | संकटम् (saṃkaṭam) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटानि (saṃkaṭāni) |
| instrumental | संकटेन (saṃkaṭena) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटैः (saṃkaṭaiḥ) |
| dative | संकटाय (saṃkaṭāya) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटेभ्यः (saṃkaṭebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | संकटात् (saṃkaṭāt) | संकटाभ्याम् (saṃkaṭābhyām) | संकटेभ्यः (saṃkaṭebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | संकटस्य (saṃkaṭasya) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटानाम् (saṃkaṭānām) |
| locative | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटयोः (saṃkaṭayoḥ) | संकटेषु (saṃkaṭeṣu) |
| vocative | संकट (saṃkaṭa) | संकटे (saṃkaṭe) | संकटानि (saṃkaṭāni) |
Descendants
- Prakrit: संकड (saṃkaḍa), संकडिअ (saṃkaḍia) (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001), “saṃkaṭa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 501
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899), “संकट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1125, column 2.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “saṃkaṭá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 744