خورشید
Persian
Alternative forms
- (obsolete forms): (from Parthian) هورشید (hōršēd / huršid), خرشید (xuršēd / xoršid), خرشد (xuršid / xoršed)
Etymology
Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭥𐭫𐭱𐭩𐭲 (ḥwlšyt /xwar(x)šēd/), from Proto-Iranian *huHarxšaytah, from *húHar + *xšaytah. Compare Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆-𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀- (huuarə-xšaēta-, “bright sun (an epithet)”). By surface analysis, خور (xwar / xor, “sun”) + شید (šēd / šid, “shine”).
The first part is cognate with خراسان (xurāsān / xorâsân), the name of a province in eastern Iran (since the sun rises in the east), and the second part with Old Armenian աշխէտ (ašxēt).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /xʷar.ˈʃeːd/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [xʊɾ.ʃiːd̪], [xʊɾ.ʃeːd̪]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [xoɹ.ʃiːd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [χuɾ.ʃed̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | xwaršēd |
| Dari reading? | xuršīd, xuršēd |
| Iranian reading? | xoršid |
| Tajik reading? | xuršed |
Noun
خورشید • (xwaršēd / xoršid) (Tajik spelling хуршед)
Derived terms
- خورشیدی (xwaršēdī / xoršidi)
Descendants
- → Azerbaijani: xurşid, Xurşid, Xurşud, Xurşit, Xurşut
- → Armenian: Խուրշուդ (Xuršud), ⇒ Խուրշուդյան (Xuršudyan)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kyrgyz: Хуршит (Hurşit)
- → Northern Kurdish: xurşîd
- → Ottoman Turkish: خورشید (hurşit)
- Turkish: Hurşit
- → Uzbek: xurshid, Xurshid
Proper noun
خورشید • (xwaršēd / xoršid) (Tajik spelling Хуршед)
- a unisex given name, Khorshid or Khurshed
See also
References
- ^ Nourai, Ali (2011), An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, pages 249, 402
Further reading
- Vullers, Johann August (1855), “خرشید”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[1] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 676b
- Vullers, Johann August (1855), “خرشید”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum[2] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 749a
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian خْوَرْشید (xwaršēd). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi خورشید (xvrśyd /xurśīd, xurśaid/).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /xʊɾ.ʃiːd̪/
- Rhymes: -iːd̪
- Hyphenation: خور‧شِید
Noun
خورْشِید • (xorśīd) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुर्शीद or ख़्वुरशेद)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | خورْشِید (xorśīd) | خورْشِید (xorśīd) |
| oblique | خورْشِید (xorśīd) | خورْشِیدوں (xorśīdõ) |
| vocative | خورْشِید (xorśīd) | خورْشِیدو (xorśīdo) |
Proper noun
خورْشِید • (xorśīd) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुर्शीद)
- a male given name, Khurshid, from Persian
References
Further reading
- “خورشید”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “خورشيد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 294
- Platts, John T. (1884), “خورشيد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 496
- John Shakespear (1834), “خورشید”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC