aestumo
See also: æstumo
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *aistomāō
Latin aestumo
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈae̯s.tʊ.moː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈɛs.t̪u.mo]
Verb
aestumō (present infinitive aestumāre, perfect active aestumāvī, supine aestumātum); first conjugation
- Old Latin form of aestimō
- c. 42 BCE, Sallust, Bellum Catilinae 2:
- Quae homines arant, navigant, aedificant, virtuti omnia parent. Sed multi mortales, dediti ventri atque somno, indocti incultique vitam sicuti peregrinantes transiere; quibus profecto contra naturam corpus voluptati, anima oneri fuit. Eorum ego vitam mortemque iuxta aestumo, quoniam de utraque siletur.
- 1931 translation by John Carew Rolfe
- Success in agriculture, navigation, and architecture depends invariably upon mental excellence. Yet many men, being slaves to appetite and sleep, have passed through life untaught and untrained, like mere wayfarers in these men we see, contrary to Nature’s intent, the body a source of pleasure, the soul a burden. For my own part, I consider the lives and deaths of such men as about alike, since no record is made of either.
- 1931 translation by John Carew Rolfe
- Quae homines arant, navigant, aedificant, virtuti omnia parent. Sed multi mortales, dediti ventri atque somno, indocti incultique vitam sicuti peregrinantes transiere; quibus profecto contra naturam corpus voluptati, anima oneri fuit. Eorum ego vitam mortemque iuxta aestumo, quoniam de utraque siletur.
Conjugation
Conjugation of aestumō (first conjugation)
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | aestumō | aestumās | aestumat | aestumāmus | aestumātis | aestumant | ||||||
| imperfect | aestumābam | aestumābās | aestumābat | aestumābāmus | aestumābātis | aestumābant | |||||||
| future | aestumābō | aestumābis | aestumābit | aestumābimus | aestumābitis | aestumābunt | |||||||
| perfect | aestumāvī | aestumāvistī | aestumāvit | aestumāvimus | aestumāvistis | aestumāvērunt, aestumāvēre | |||||||
| pluperfect | aestumāveram | aestumāverās | aestumāverat | aestumāverāmus | aestumāverātis | aestumāverant | |||||||
| future perfect | aestumāverō | aestumāveris | aestumāverit | aestumāverimus | aestumāveritis | aestumāverint | |||||||
| passive | present | aestumor | aestumāris, aestumāre |
aestumātur | aestumāmur | aestumāminī | aestumantur | ||||||
| imperfect | aestumābar | aestumābāris, aestumābāre |
aestumābātur | aestumābāmur | aestumābāminī | aestumābantur | |||||||
| future | aestumābor | aestumāberis, aestumābere |
aestumābitur | aestumābimur | aestumābiminī | aestumābuntur | |||||||
| perfect | aestumātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | aestumātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| future perfect | aestumātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | aestumem | aestumēs | aestumet | aestumēmus | aestumētis | aestument | ||||||
| imperfect | aestumārem | aestumārēs | aestumāret | aestumārēmus | aestumārētis | aestumārent | |||||||
| perfect | aestumāverim | aestumāverīs | aestumāverit | aestumāverīmus | aestumāverītis | aestumāverint | |||||||
| pluperfect | aestumāvissem | aestumāvissēs | aestumāvisset | aestumāvissēmus | aestumāvissētis | aestumāvissent | |||||||
| passive | present | aestumer | aestumēris, aestumēre |
aestumētur | aestumēmur | aestumēminī | aestumentur | ||||||
| imperfect | aestumārer | aestumārēris, aestumārēre |
aestumārētur | aestumārēmur | aestumārēminī | aestumārentur | |||||||
| perfect | aestumātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| pluperfect | aestumātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||||
| active | present | — | aestumā | — | — | aestumāte | — | ||||||
| future | — | aestumātō | aestumātō | — | aestumātōte | aestumantō | |||||||
| passive | present | — | aestumāre | — | — | aestumāminī | — | ||||||
| future | — | aestumātor | aestumātor | — | — | aestumantor | |||||||
| non-finite forms | infinitive | participle | |||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||
| present | aestumāre | aestumārī | aestumāns | — | |||||||||
| future | aestumātūrum esse | aestumātum īrī | aestumātūrus | aestumandus | |||||||||
| perfect | aestumāvisse | aestumātum esse | — | aestumātus | |||||||||
| future perfect | — | aestumātum fore | — | — | |||||||||
| perfect potential | aestumātūrum fuisse | — | — | — | |||||||||
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||||||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||||||||
| aestumandī | aestumandō | aestumandum | aestumandō | aestumātum | aestumātū | ||||||||