|
|
This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *tanhuz + *-ī (adjective suffix).
Adjective
tą̄h(ī)[1]
- tough
Inflection
| a-stem
|
| Singular
|
Masculine
|
| Nominative
|
*tą̄h
|
| Genitive
|
*tą̄has
|
| Singular
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Nominative
|
*tą̄h
|
*tą̄hu
|
*tą̄h
|
| Accusative
|
*tą̄hanā
|
*tą̄hā
|
*tą̄h
|
| Genitive
|
*tą̄has
|
*tą̄heʀā
|
*tą̄has
|
| Dative
|
*tą̄humē
|
*tą̄heʀē
|
*tą̄humē
|
| Instrumental
|
*tą̄hu
|
*tą̄heʀu
|
*tą̄hu
|
| Plural
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Nominative
|
*tą̄hē
|
*tą̄hō
|
*tą̄hu
|
| Accusative
|
*tą̄hā
|
*tą̄hā
|
*tą̄hu
|
| Genitive
|
*tą̄heʀō
|
*tą̄heʀō
|
*tą̄heʀō
|
| Dative
|
*tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
|
*tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
|
*tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
|
| Instrumental
|
*tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
|
*tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
|
*tą̄hēm, *tą̄hum
|
| ja-stem
|
| Singular
|
Masculine
|
| Nominative
|
*tą̄hī
|
| Genitive
|
*tą̄hijas
|
| Singular
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Nominative
|
*tą̄hī
|
*tą̄hiju
|
*tą̄hī
|
| Accusative
|
*tą̄hijanā
|
*tą̄hijā
|
*tą̄hī
|
| Genitive
|
*tą̄hijas
|
*tą̄hijeʀā
|
*tą̄hijas
|
| Dative
|
*tą̄hijumē
|
*tą̄hijeʀē
|
*tą̄hijumē
|
| Instrumental
|
*tą̄hiju
|
*tą̄hijeʀu
|
*tą̄hiju
|
| Plural
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Nominative
|
*tą̄hijē
|
*tą̄hijō
|
*tą̄hiju
|
| Accusative
|
*tą̄hijā
|
*tą̄hijā
|
*tą̄hiju
|
| Genitive
|
*tą̄hijeʀō
|
*tą̄hijeʀō
|
*tą̄hijeʀō
|
| Dative
|
*tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
|
*tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
|
*tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
|
| Instrumental
|
*tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
|
*tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
|
*tą̄hijēm, *tą̄hijum
|
Descendants
- Old English: tōh
- Old Frisian: *tāi, *tēi
- North Frisian: toi
- Saterland Frisian: toai
- West Frisian: taai
- Old Saxon: *tāh, *tāhi
- Old Dutch: *tāi
- Old High German: zāh, zāhi
- Middle High German: zāch, zǣhe, zǣh, zǣch
References
- ^ Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 143: “PWGmc *tanh(u)”