Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/druppōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Germanic *druppōþi

Proto-Germanic *drubunanþi

Proto-Indo-European *dʰrebʰ-

Proto-Germanic *druppōną

From earlier paradigm *druppōþi ~ *drubunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *dʰrubʰ-nā́-ti ~ *dʰrubʰ-un-ánti, iterative from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrebʰ- (“to drop”); cognate with Lithuanian dri̇̀bti (“to drop”).^[1] Possibly conflated with a denominative construction *drupô (“drop of liquid”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdrup.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*druppōną^[1]

to drop, to fall
to drip, to seep

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *drupp- against *drub-.

Conjugation of *druppōną (weak class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*druppō	*druppǭ	—	*druppōi	?
2nd singular	*druppōsi	*druppōs	*druppō	*druppōsai	*druppōsau
3rd singular	*druppōþi	*druppō	*druppōþau	*druppōþai	*druppōþau
1st dual	*druppōs	*druppōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*druppōþiz	*druppōþiz	*druppōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*druppōmaz	*druppōm	—	*druppōnþai	*druppōnþau
2nd plural	*druppōþ	*druppōþ	*druppōþ	*druppōnþai	*druppōnþau
3rd plural	*druppōnþi	*druppōn	*druppōnþau	*druppōnþai	*druppōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*druppōdǭ	*druppōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*druppōdēz	*druppōdēdīz
3rd singular	*druppōdē	*druppōdēdī
1st dual	*druppōdēdū	*druppōdēdīw
2nd dual	*druppōdēdudiz	*druppōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*druppōdēdum	*druppōdēdīm
2nd plural	*druppōdēdud	*druppōdēdīd
3rd plural	*druppōdēdun	*druppōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*druppōndz	*druppōdaz

Related terms

*dreupaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *droppōn
- Old English: droppian, dropian
  - Middle English: droppen
    - English: drop
- Old Saxon: *dropōn
  - Middle Low German: drōpen
- Old Dutch: droppon
  - Middle Dutch: droppen, *drubben, druppen (likely conflated with the descendant of *druppjan)
    - Dutch: druppen, drubben
      - Afrikaans: drup
- Old High German: tropfōn
  - Middle High German: tropfen
    - German: tropfen
Old Norse: *droppa, *drubba
- Norwegian:
  Norwegian Nynorsk: drubba
- Swedish: droppa

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*drupp/bōn- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 105

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*drupp/bōn- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 105

[1]