-ilis

From Proto-Italic *-elis, from Proto-Indo-European *-elis, probably from *-lós. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (“-le”, adjective-forming suffix).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɪ.lɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [i.lis] (stressed on the antepenult)

-ilis (neuter -ile, comparative -ilior, superlative -illimus or -ilissimus); third-declension two-termination suffix

2. -ing/-ible; used to forms adjectives from verbs meaning "acting, prone to acting, having the power to act or be acted upon".

   Synonym: -bilis

   ‎agō (“to drive; to do, act”) + ‎-ilis → ‎agilis (“that may be moved; that may move easely, nimble”)

   ‎sedeō (“to sit”) + ‎-ilis → ‎sessilis (“able to be seated upon, suited for sitting”)

   ‎lābor (“to slip, glide”) + ‎-ilis → ‎lābilis (“prone to slipping, slipping”)

3. used to form relative adjectives from verbs indicating the process by which something is produced

   ‎suō (“to sew”) + ‎-ilis → ‎sūtilis (“sewed, bound or fastened together”)

   ‎sculpō (“to sculpt”) + ‎-ilis → ‎sculptilis (“made by sculpting, sculpted”)

5. (rare) used to form an adjective from a noun or adjective stem, sometimes with passive meaning

   ‎humus (“ground, earth”) + ‎-ilis → ‎humilis (“lowly, humble”)

   ‎pār, par- (“even, equal”) + ‎-ilis → ‎parilis (“equal, like”)

   ‎herba (“grass”) + ‎-ilis → ‎herbilis (“fed on grass”)

Either appended to the root or the supine stem of the verb.

• ‎frangō (fract-) (“to break”) + ‎-ilis → ‎fragilis (“that may be broken”)
• ‎pendō (pēns-) (“to hang”) + ‎-ilis → ‎pēnsilis (“hanging”)

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Originally from the above -ilis added to i stems, later used freely.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.lɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.lis]

-īlis (neuter -īle); third-declension two-termination suffix

2. -ile; used to form adjectives, usually from nouns, indicating a relationship or a pertaining to.

   Synonyms: -ānus, -ālis, -icus

   ‎aedis (“building”) + ‎-ilis → ‎aedīlis (“of buildings”) (attested as substantive)

   ‎hostis (“enemy”) + ‎-ilis → ‎hostīlis (“of the enemy, unfriendly, hostile”)

   ‎puer (“boy”) + ‎-ilis → ‎puerīlis (“of boys, boyish, immature”)

   ‎erus (“master”) + ‎-ilis → ‎erīlis (“of the master”)

Third-declension two-termination adjective.