-ний

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /ˈniː/
• Syllabification: ний (1 syllable)

-ний • (-nii)

1. Marks the genitive case in the hidden-n declension:
   1. After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant.

      ‎хөх (xöx, “city”) + ‎-ний (-nii) → ‎хөхний (xöxnii, “city's”)

   2. After a front vowel stem ending in a long vowel, diphthong or iotated vowel.

      ‎чинжүү (činžüü, “pepper”) + ‎-ний (-nii) → ‎чинжүүний (činžüünii, “of pepper”)

   3. After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant followed by a short vowel (which is retained).

      ‎шилбэ (šilbe, “shin”) + ‎-ний (-nii) → ‎шилбэний (šilbenii, “of the shin”)

2. Forms patronymics.

• -ын (-yn), -ийн (-iin), -ы (-y), -ий (-ii), -н (-n), -ны (-ny), -ины (-iny), -иний (-inii), -гийн (-giin)

From Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ. Cognate with Ukrainian -ний (-nyj), Polish -ny, Belarusian -ні (-ni), Ukrainian -ній (-nij). Soft variant of -ный (-nyj).

• IPA^(key): [nʲɪj]

-ний • (-nij)

1. used to form adjectives from nouns, often relational (meaning "related to X"); a less common variant of -ный (-nyj)

   ‎сосе́д (soséd, “neighbor”) + ‎-ний (-nij) → ‎сосе́дний (sosédnij, “neighboring”)

   ‎пятиле́тие (pjatilétije, “five-year period”) + ‎-ний (-nij) → ‎пятиле́тний (pjatilétnij, “five-year”)

• When short forms exist, the short masculine singular is often missing. When present, it is -ен.

• -ный (-nyj)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ + *-jь (/⁠Suffix 1⁠/). Reanalyze as -н (-n) +‎ -ий (-yj)

-ний or -ни́й • (-nyj or -nýj) m (feminine -на, variant -ній)

1. Used to form adjectives from nouns; -ish, -y.

   ‎го́лос (hólos) + ‎-ний (-nyj) → ‎голосни́й (holosnýj)

2. -ic, -al, -ed; having a particular quality of, pertaining to, associated with; forms adjectives from nouns, and sometimes from verbs

   ‎бешкетувати (bešketuvaty) + ‎-ний (-nyj) → ‎бешке́тний (beškétnyj)

• -ній (-nij)