決まる

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
決る
極まる
極る

Etymology

Derived as the intransitive form of Old Japanese verb () (kimu, to decide, to conclude; to be decided, to be concluded).[1][2][3]

The source verb kimu appears to follow a common pattern in Old Japanese verbs where the bare form is either transitive or intransitive, depending on context. This pattern persists in some modern verbs, such as つく (tsuku). Many of these Old Japanese verbs developed explicit transitive and intransitive forms, with one group adopting an -aru on the end for the intransitive (as the ()(ぜん)(けい) (mizenkei, irrealis stem) ending in -a + the conjugating (ru) as the basic spontaneous or passive verb ending), and an -eru on the end for the transitive (as the ()(ぜん)(けい) (izenkei, realis or potential stem) + the disappearing (ru) as a generic verb ending).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 決まる
Plain 決まる まる [kìmárú]
Conjunctive 決まって まって [kìmátté]
Perfective 決まった まった [kìmáttá]
Negative 決まらない まらない [kìmáránáí]
Negative perfective 決まらなかった まらなかった [kìmáránáꜜkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 決まれば まれ [kìmáréꜜbà]
Past conditional 決まったら まった [kìmáttáꜜrà]
Imperative 決まれ まれ [kìmáré]
Volitional 決まろう まろ [kìmáróꜜò]
Desiderative 決まりたい まりたい [kìmárítáí]
Formal 決まります まりま [kìmárímáꜜsù]
Formal negative 決まりません まりませ [kìmárímáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 決まりましょう まりましょ [kìmárímáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 決まりました まりました [kìmárímáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 決まり
決まりに
まり
まりに
[kìmárí]
[kìmárí ní]
Negative continuative 決まらず
決まらずに
まらず
まらずに
[kìmárázú]
[kìmárázú ní]
Passive 決まられる まられる [kìmárárérú]
Causative 決まらせる
決まらす
まらせる
まらす
[kìmárásérú]
[kìmárású]
Potential 決まれる まれる [kìmárérú]

Verb

()まる • (kimaruintransitive godan (stem ()まり (kimari), past ()まった (kimatta))

Japanese verb pair
active 決める
mediopassive 決まる
  1. to be decided, to be concluded, to be brought to a resolution

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN