ἄτρακτος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἄδρακτος (ádraktos), ἀτρακίς (atrakís)

Etymology

Has been derived from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ-, with cognates including Sanskrit तर्कु (tarku), Albanian dredh and Latin torqueō. However, there are some problems with these connections, such as expecting a π (p) instead of κ (k) from *kʷ. According to Beekes, it is rather a Pre-Greek word; this may find support in ἄδρακτος (ádraktos) and ἀτρακίς (atrakís), if the variation κ/κτ is old and not due to simplification.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.trak.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.trak.tos/

Noun

ἄτρακτος • (átraktos) m or f (genitive ἀτράκτου); second declension

spindle
Synonyms: κλωστήρ (klōstḗr), νῆτρον (nêtron)
arrow
upper part of a ship's mast
(surgery) spindle-shaped cautery

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ / ἡ ἄτρακτος; τοῦ / τῆς ἀτράκτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ ἄτρακτος ho / hē átraktos	τὼ ἀτράκτω tṑ atráktō	οἱ / αἱ ἄτρακτοι hoi / hai átraktoi
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς ἀτράκτου toû / tês atráktou	τοῖν ἀτράκτοιν toîn atráktoin	τῶν ἀτράκτων tôn atráktōn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ ἀτράκτῳ tōî / tēî atráktōi	τοῖν ἀτράκτοιν toîn atráktoin	τοῖς / ταῖς ἀτράκτοις toîs / taîs atráktois
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν ἄτρακτον tòn / tḕn átrakton	τὼ ἀτράκτω tṑ atráktō	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς ἀτράκτους toùs / tā̀s atráktous
Vocative	ἄτρακτε átrakte	ἀτράκτω atráktō	ἄτρακτοι átraktoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀτράκτιον (atráktion)
ἀτρακτοειδής (atraktoeidḗs)
ἀτρακτυλίς (atraktulís)
ἀτρακτώδης (atraktṓdēs)

Descendants

> Greek: άτρακτος (átraktos) (inherited)
→ Translingual: Atractus