ตั้ง

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Likely a semantic extension of the "set" sense of Etymology 3.”)

ตั้ง • (dtâng)

1. Classifier for things piled up or placed over, above, or on one another.

ตั้ง • (dtâng)

1. occasion; round; time.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Likely a semantic extension of the "set" sense of Etymology 3.”)

ตั้ง • (dtâng)

1. as much as, as many as, so far as; up to; almost.

From Proto-Tai *taŋꟲ (“to erect”).^[1]

Cognate with Northern Thai ᨲᩢ᩠᩶ᨦ, Lao ຕັ້ງ (tang), Lü ᦎᧂᧉ (ṫang²), Shan တင်ႈ (tāng), Ahom 𑜄𑜂𑜫 (taṅ), Zhuang daengj.

TDP separates the "pile, time", "as many as", and "set, erect" senses, though it is likely they are etymologically connected.

ตั้ง • (dtâng) (abstract noun การตั้ง)

1. to set up, to erect; to create, to establish; to form, to constitute.

   ตั้งชื่อ

   dtâng chʉ̂ʉ

   to create a name

   ตั้งวง

   dtâng wong

   to form a band (of persons); to form a gathering (of persons)

   ตั้งกฎหมาย

   dtâng gòt-mǎai

   to establish a law

   ตั้งขบวน

   dtâng kà-buuan

   to set up a procession; to form a procession

   ตั้งแถว

   dtâng tɛ̌o

   to line up
   (literally) to set up a line (of persons); to form a line (of persons)

2. to set (in a certain position or condition):
   1. to locate; to situate.
   2. to put; to place.
   3. to nominate; to appoint; to invest (with a position, authority, etc); to install (in an office).
   4. to install: to place in position or connect for service or use.
   5. to adjust (a mechanism).

      ตั้งนาฬิกาปลุก

      dtâng naa-lí-gaa-bplùk

      to set an alarm clock

   6. to keep, maintain, or conduct (oneself in a certain condition or state).
3. to stand; to erect; to set or be in an upright or vertical position or direction.
4. to specify; to determine; to fix.

   ตั้งราคา

   dtâng raa-kaa

   to set a price

5. to heap up; to pile up; to put or place (something over, above, or on top of another).
6. to commence; to start.

   ตั้งครรภ์

   dtâng kan

   to start pregnancy; the pregnancy starts; to start being pregnant

   ตั้งกระทู้

   dtâng grà-túu

   to start a thread (as on a webboard)

• “ตั้ง” in Thai Dictionary Project (TDP) (UC Berkeley 1964) (plus additional data from the Royal Institute of Thailand (RI) and NECTEC's LEXITRON project (LEX)). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.