स्पर्धा
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit स्पर्धा (spardhā).
Noun
स्पर्धा • (spardhā) f
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | स्पर्धा spardhā |
स्पर्धाएँ spardhāẽ |
| oblique | स्पर्धा spardhā |
स्पर्धाओं spardhāõ |
| vocative | स्पर्धा spardhā |
स्पर्धाओ spardhāo |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “स्पर्धा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit स्पर्धा (spardhā).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /spəɾ.d̪ʱa/
Noun
स्पर्धा • (spardhā) f
- competition, rivalry
- ह्या वर्षी एफ.सी. बार्सेलोनाने 'ला लीगा' ही स्पर्धा जिंकली.
- hyā varṣī eph.sī. bārselonāne 'lā līgā' hī spardhā jiṅklī.
- This year FC Barcelona won the La Liga competition.
- हे स्पर्धेचे युग आहे.
- he spardhece yug āhe.
- This is an age of competition.
- envy, emulation
Declension
| Declension of स्पर्धा (fem ā-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
स्पर्धा spardhā | ||
| direct plural |
स्पर्धा spardhā | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
स्पर्धा spardhā |
स्पर्धा spardhā | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
स्पर्धे spardhe |
स्पर्धां- spardhān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
स्पर्धेला spardhelā |
स्पर्धांना spardhānnā | |
| ergative | स्पर्धेने, स्पर्धेनं spardhene, spardhena |
स्पर्धांनी spardhānnī | |
| instrumental | स्पर्धेशी spardheśī |
स्पर्धांशी spardhānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
स्पर्धेत spardhet |
स्पर्धांत spardhāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
स्पर्धे spardhe |
स्पर्धांनो spardhānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of स्पर्धा (fem ā-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
स्पर्धेचा spardheċā |
स्पर्धेचे spardheċe |
स्पर्धेची spardhecī |
स्पर्धेच्या spardhecā |
स्पर्धेचे, स्पर्धेचं spardheċe, spardheċa |
स्पर्धेची spardhecī |
स्पर्धेच्या spardhecā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
स्पर्धांचा spardhānċā |
स्पर्धांचे spardhānċe |
स्पर्धांची spardhāñcī |
स्पर्धांच्या spardhāncā |
स्पर्धांचे, स्पर्धांचं spardhānċe, spardhānċa |
स्पर्धांची spardhāñcī |
स्पर्धांच्या spardhāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “स्पर्धा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “स्पर्धा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- স্পৰ্ধা (Assamese script)
- ᬲ᭄ᬧᬃᬥᬵ (Balinese script)
- স্পর্ধা (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰿𑰢𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑁆𑀧𑀭𑁆𑀥𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- သ္ပရ်္ဓာ (Burmese script)
- સ્પર્ધા (Gujarati script)
- ਸ੍ਪਰ੍ਧਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑍍𑌪𑌰𑍍𑌧𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦱ꧀ꦥꦂꦣꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂹𑂣𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಸ್ಪರ್ಧಾ (Kannada script)
- ស្បធ៌ា (Khmer script)
- ສ຺ປຣ຺ຘາ (Lao script)
- സ്പര്ധാ (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᢒᠠᡵᢡᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘿𑘢𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠰᢒᠠᠷᢑᠾᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧠𑧂𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑑂𑐥𑐬𑑂𑐢𑐵 (Newa script)
- ସ୍ପର୍ଧା (Odia script)
- ꢱ꣄ꢦꢬ꣄ꢤꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑇀𑆥𑆫𑇀𑆣𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖿𑖢𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ස්පර්ධා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁 𑪙𑩰𑩼 𑪙𑩮𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚶𑚞𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚭 (Takri script)
- ஸ்பர்த⁴ா (Tamil script)
- స్పర్ధా (Telugu script)
- สฺปรฺธา (Thai script)
- སྤ་རྡྷཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒩𑓂𑒡𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑩇𑨞𑨫𑩇𑨜𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the root स्पृध् (spṛdh, “to compete”). Compare Old English spyrd (“racecourse, racetrack”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /spɐɾ.dʱɑː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /s̪pɐɾ.d̪ʱɑː/
Noun
स्पर्धा • (spardhā) stem, f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | स्पर्धा (spardhā) | स्पर्धे (spardhe) | स्पर्धाः (spardhāḥ) |
| accusative | स्पर्धाम् (spardhām) | स्पर्धे (spardhe) | स्पर्धाः (spardhāḥ) |
| instrumental | स्पर्धया (spardhayā) स्पर्धा¹ (spardhā¹) |
स्पर्धाभ्याम् (spardhābhyām) | स्पर्धाभिः (spardhābhiḥ) |
| dative | स्पर्धायै (spardhāyai) | स्पर्धाभ्याम् (spardhābhyām) | स्पर्धाभ्यः (spardhābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | स्पर्धायाः (spardhāyāḥ) स्पर्धायै² (spardhāyai²) |
स्पर्धाभ्याम् (spardhābhyām) | स्पर्धाभ्यः (spardhābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | स्पर्धायाः (spardhāyāḥ) स्पर्धायै² (spardhāyai²) |
स्पर्धयोः (spardhayoḥ) | स्पर्धानाम् (spardhānām) |
| locative | स्पर्धायाम् (spardhāyām) | स्पर्धयोः (spardhayoḥ) | स्पर्धासु (spardhāsu) |
| vocative | स्पर्धे (spardhe) | स्पर्धे (spardhe) | स्पर्धाः (spardhāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Derived terms
- स्पर्धाकर (spardhākara)
Related terms
- स्पर्धते (spárdhate)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “स्पर्धा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1268, column 2.