цетꙑре
Old Novgorodian
Alternative forms
- цотꙑре (cʹotyre)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *četyre. Cognate with Old East Slavic четꙑре (četyre), Old Polish cztery.
Numeral
цетꙑре • (cʹjetyre) m (feminine and neuter цетꙑри)
- four (4)
- c. 1140‒1160, Kovalev, Roman K., transl., Берестяная грамота № 630 [Birchbark letter no. 630][1], Novgorod:
- оу станьмира оу жоуцьковицѧ цьтьри бьрьковьскь і шьсь коуно
- u stanĭmira u žucʹĭkovicʹję cʹĭtĭri bĭrĭkovĭskĭ i šĭsĭ kuno
- Stan'mir Zhuchkovich owes four berkovets and six kunas.
- c. 1160‒1180, Kovalev, Roman K., transl., Берестяная грамота № 335 [Birchbark letter no. 335][2], Novgorod:
- мѣни же ми : кълътъкѣ : цетꙑри : по полоу гривнѣ : кълътъкъ : ꙁолотꙑхъ
- měni že mi : kŭlŭtŭkě : cʹjetyri : po polu grivně : kŭlŭtŭkŭ : zolotyxŭ
- Exchange 4 pendants (koltok) for me out of the gold ones – each priced at ½ a grivna.
- c. 1160‒1180, Берестяная грамота № 1110 [Birchbark letter no. 1110][3], Novgorod:
- крьнь кожоухъ гривьною : и цетꙑри ожьрелиѧ паволоцита
- krĭnĭ kožuxŭ grivĭnoju : i cʹjetyri ožĭreliję pavolocʹita
- Buy a fur coat for a hryvnia and four collars made of canvas.
- c. 1200‒1220, Kovalev, Roman K., transl., Берестяная грамота № 439 [Birchbark letter no. 439][4], Novgorod:
- воложи олова со цетꙑри беꙁмене полотенеца со дова цереленаѧ
- voloži olova so cʹjetyri bezmene polotenecʹa so dova cʹjerelenaję
- Take [with you] about 4 bezmen of lead [and] about 2 red towels (apparently, sheets of red copper).
- c. 1340‒1360, Берестяная грамота № 1068 [Birchbark letter no. 1068][5], Novgorod:
- оу тимошки цьтꙑрь катци ржи ꙁа дви гривнꙑ …
- u timoški cʹĭtyrĭ katcʹi rži za dvi grivny …
- Timoshka has four buckets of rye for two hryvnias …
Declension
| masculine | neuter | feminine | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | цетꙑре cʹjetyre |
цетꙑри cʹjetyri | |
| genitive | цетꙑръ cʹjetyrŭ | ||
| dative | цетꙑрьмъ cʹjetyrĭmŭ | ||
| accusative | цетꙑри cʹjetyri | ||
| instrumental | цетꙑрьми cʹjetyrĭmi | ||
| locative | цетꙑрьхъ cʹjetyrĭxŭ | ||
Related terms
adjectives
- цетвьръте (cʹjetvĭrŭte, “fourth”)
- цетвьрътьне (cʹjetvĭrŭtĭne, “fourth”)
nouns
- цетвьрътина f (cʹjetvĭrŭtina, “quarter”)
- цетвьрътъка f (cʹjetvĭrŭtŭka, “quarter”)
- цетвьръть f (cʹjetvĭrŭtĭ, “quarter”)
- цетвьрьге m (cʹjetvĭrĭge, “Thursday”)
numerals
- цетꙑре десѧте (cʹjetyre desęte, “forty”)
- цетꙑре на десѧте (cʹjetyre na desęte, “fourteen”)
- цетꙑри съта (cʹjetyri sŭta, “four hundred”)
Further reading
- “четыре”, in “Birchbark Letters Corpus”, in Russian National Corpus, https://ruscorpora.ru, 2003–2025