дым
Bashkir
Etymology
Of unknown origin. Cognate with Tatar дым (dım, “dampness, moisture”), Kazakh дым (dym, “dampness, moisture”), Nogai дым (dım, “dampness, moisture”), Kumyk дым (dım, “damp, moist”), Southern Altai тым (tïm, “silence”), perhaps also Uzbek dim (“stuffy, difficult to breathe”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɯ̞m]
- Hyphenation: дым
Noun
дым • (dım)
Declension
| singular only | |
|---|---|
| absolute | дым (dım) |
| definite genitive | дымдың (dımdıñ) |
| dative | дымға (dımğa) |
| definite accusative | дымды (dımdı) |
| locative | дымда (dımda) |
| ablative | дымдан (dımdan) |
Derived terms
- дымлы (dımlı, “damp, wet, moist”)
- дымланыу (dımlanıw, “to become damp, wet, moist”)
Belarusian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɨm]
Audio: (file)
Noun
дым • (dym) m inan (genitive ды́му, nominative plural дымы́, genitive plural дымо́ў)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | дым dym |
дымы́ dymý |
| genitive | ды́му dýmu |
дымо́ў dymów |
| dative | ды́му dýmu |
дыма́м dymám |
| accusative | дым dym |
дымы́ dymý |
| instrumental | ды́мам dýmam |
дыма́мі dymámi |
| locative | ды́ме dýmje |
дыма́х dymáx |
| count form | — | ды́мы1 dýmy1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
References
- “дым” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
Carpathian Rusyn
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Noun
дым • (dŷm)
- smoke
- Іщі ани не встиг вшыток дым підняти ся на Київ
- Išči any ne vstyh všŷtok dŷm pidnjaty sja na Kyjiv
- Not much smoke reached the Kiev
Further reading
- Kercha (2012)
Kumyk
Adjective
дым • (dım)
Russian
Alternative forms
- дымъ (dym) — pre-1918 spelling
Etymology
| PIE word |
|---|
| *dʰuh₂mós |
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dymъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɨm]
Audio: (file) Audio: (file) Audio (Saint Petersburg): (file) - Rhymes: -ɨm
Noun
дым • (dym) m inan (genitive ды́ма, nominative plural дымы́, genitive plural дымо́в, relational adjective ды́мный or дымово́й, diminutive дымо́к)
Declension
Derived terms
Compound words:
- дымохо́д m (dymoxód)
Compounds:
- дым коромы́слом (dym koromýslom)
- дым столбо́м (dym stolbóm)
- Phrases
- война́ в Крыму́, всё в дыму́ (vojná v Krymú, vsjo v dymú)
- Proverbs
- нет ды́ма без огня́ (net dýma bez ognjá), ды́ма без огня́ не быва́ет (dýma bez ognjá ne byvájet)
Related terms
- Borrowed
Related via Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós:
- парфю́м m (parfjúm), парфюме́р m anim (parfjumér), парфюме́рия f (parfjumérija)
- тимья́н m (timʹján)
- ти́мус m (tímus, “thymus”)
- фумига́тор m (fumigátor), фумига́ция f (fumigácija)
- фимиа́м m (fimiám)
Further reading
- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “дым”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Tatar
Noun
дым • (dım)