togedere
Middle English
Alternative forms
- to-geder, togider, togidere, togeder, togedre, togedyr, togedyre, togedir, togedire, togedur, togedure, togedder, togeddir, togeddyr, togeidur, togeydur, togyder, togydere, togidir, togydir, togydyr, togidyr, togidire, togydire, togidyre, togydyre, togidre, togydre, togidur, togidure, togydur, togydure, togydder, togidder, togiddir, togyddir, togiddyr, togyddyr, togyddre, togiddre, togader, togadere, togadre, togadyr, togadir, toghedre, togodur, toguyder, toguider, tokeder, tokedere, toyader, togeidder, togither, togyþer, togaddre, togeddre, tegedere, tegedyr, tegedir
- togaderen, togædere, togæderen (Early Middle English)
- together, togethere, to geydder (Late Middle English)
Etymology
Inherited from Old English tōgædere, tōgædre; compare gaderen, gederen (“to gather”).[1]
Forms with /a/ and /ɛ/ continue the Old English forms tōgædere and tōgedere respectively, while forms with /i/ represent a tendency to raise /ɛ/ before dentals, especially in Northern Middle English (as in Middle Scots togiddir).[2] Spellings reflecting a pronunciation with /ð/, like modern standard together, start sporadically appearing in the late 14th century, but do not predominate until Early Modern English.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /toːˈɡad(ə)rə/, /toːˈɡadər/, /toːˈɡɛd(ə)rə/, /toːˈɡɛdər/, /tɔ-/
- IPA(key): /toːˈɡid(ə)rə/, /toːˈɡidər/, /tɔ-/ (with raising)
Adverb
togedere
- Two or more gathered in one place; sharing each other's company.
- In a state of being an assembled whole or single entity. (of parts)
- In a state of being physically joined.
- In such a way as to draw nearer; towards each other.
- With reciprocity; mutually.
- At the same time; simultaneously.
- In immediate succession.
- (by extension) Joined by marriage, friendship or other bonds.
Synonyms
Descendants
References
- ^ “tọ̄̆geder, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ^ Jordan, Richard (1974), Eugene Crook, transl., Handbook of the Middle English Grammar: Phonology (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 218)[1], The Hague: Mouton & Co. N.V., , § 34, page 60.