jehen
Middle High German
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Old High German jëhan, gëhan, from Proto-West Germanic *jehan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈjɛhən/
Verb
jëhen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present gihet, past tense jach, past participle gejëhen, past subjunctive jæhe, auxiliary hān)
- to say
- Synonym: sagen
- 13th c., Neidhart von Reuental, Meie dīn liechter schīn:
- Ungemach mir geschach,
do ich von êrste ein wîp ërsach,
dër man ie daz beste sprach
unde ir guoter dinge jach,
diu ir kiusche nie zerbrach
unde ir hövescheit.- Bad things happened to me,
Since for the first time I saw this woman,
Of which one ever spoke the best,
And said good things about her,
Who never lost her chastity,
And her fine style.
- Bad things happened to me,
Conjugation
Conjugation of jëhen (class 5 strong, auxiliary hān)
| infinitive | jëhen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| genitive gerund | jëhennes jëhenes | ||||
| dative gerund | jëhenne jëhene | ||||
| present participle | jëhende | ||||
| past participle | gejëhen | ||||
| auxiliary | hān | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich gihe | wir jëhen | i | ich jëhe | wir jëhen |
| du gihest | ir jëhet | du jëhest | ir jëhet | ||
| ër gihet | sie jëhent | ër jëhe | sie jëhen | ||
| preterite | ich jach | wir jāhen | ii | ich jæhe | wir jæhen |
| du jæhe | ir jāhet | du jæhest | ir jæhet | ||
| ër jach | sie jāhen | ër jæhe | sie jæhen | ||
| imperative | gih (du) | jëhet (ir) | |||
Composed forms of jëhen (class 5 strong, auxiliary hān)
| perfect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| indicative | ich hān gejëhen | wir hān gejëhen | subjunctive | ich habe gejëhen | wir haben gejëhen |
| du hāst gejëhen | ir hāt gejëhen | du habest gejëhen | ir habet gejëhen | ||
| ër hāt gejëhen | sie hānt gejëhen | ër habe gejëhen | sie haben gejëhen | ||
| pluperfect | |||||
| indicative | ich habete gejëhen | wir habeten gejëhen | subjunctive | ich habete gejëhen | wir habeten gejëhen |
| du habetest gejëhen | ir habetet gejëhen | du habetest gejëhen | ir habetet gejëhen | ||
| ër habete gejëhen | sie habeten gejëhen | ër habete gejëhen | sie habeten gejëhen | ||
| future i | |||||
| infinitive | jëhen süln | subjunctive i | ich sul jëhen | wir suln jëhen | |
| du sule jëhen | ir sulet jëhen | ||||
| ër sul jëhen | sie suln jëhen | ||||
| indicative | ich sol jëhen | wir sulen jëhen | subjunctive ii | ich sölte jëhen ich sölde jëhen |
wir sölten jëhen wir sölden jëhen |
| du solt jëhen | ir sulet jëhen | du söltest jëhen du söldest jëhen |
ir söltet jëhen ir söldet jëhen | ||
| ër sol jëhen | sie sulen jëhen | ër sölte jëhen ër sölde jëhen |
sie sölten jëhen sie sölden jëhen | ||
| future ii | |||||
| infinitive | gejëhen hān süln | subjunctive i | ich sul gejëhen hān | wir suln gejëhen hān | |
| du sule gejëhen hān | ir sulet gejëhen hān | ||||
| ër sul gejëhen hān | sie suln gejëhen hān | ||||
| indicative | ich sol gejëhen hān | wir sulen gejëhen hān | subjunctive ii | ich sölte gejëhen hān ich sölde gejëhen hān |
wir sölten gejëhen hān wir sölden gejëhen hān |
| du solt gejëhen hān | ir sulet gejëhen hān | du söltest gejëhen hān du söldest gejëhen hān |
ir söltet gejëhen hān ir söldet gejëhen hān | ||
| ër sol gejëhen hān | sie sulen gejëhen hān | ër sölte gejëhen hān ër sölde gejëhen hān |
sie sölten gejëhen hān sie sölden gejëhen hān | ||
Derived terms
- bejëhen
- verjëhen
References
- Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “jëhen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
- "jëhen" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)