Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ɬep

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *eˀpʰ (per Werner 2002)
  • *jeʔp (per Starostin 1994-2005)[1]
  • *ɮepʰʌ (for Pre-Proto-Yeniseian), *eˀpʰ (for Proto-Yeniseian, per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *ðeb, *ðep (per Cologne group. Pattern: l.1-.p.1)

Reconstruction notes

The onset *ɬ- survives only in the derived terms (Kott (Castrén) kul'êp (“spade”) is analyzed as kul'-êp,) which is adopted here diachronically.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

*ɬep (plural *ɬep-Vŋ)

  1. a broad and flat object
    Coordinate terms: *paxʷ (“a flat and round object”), *šowq (“a hooked object”)
Derived terms
  • *ɬepVŋʷ (“flat, level”)
  • *ɬepVŋʷja (“board, roof”)

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Ket: еʼп (ɛˀp, “snow shovel”)[2]
    • Yug: еʼп (ɛˀp, “wooden spade”)
  • Kottic:
    • Kott: (Castrén) îp (“ski, snow shoe”)[3]
    • ⇒ Kott: (Castrén) kul'êp, kul'ep (singular), kul'êpaŋ (“spade”, plural)
    • ⇒ Kott: (Castrén) êper (“circle, round, around”)
      • ⇒ Kott: (Castrén) êperâtʰâkŋ (“I turn him.”)

References

  1. ^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=357&root=config
  2. ^ Footnote: Traditional Ket snow shovels are large flat boards with a simple handle.
  3. ^ Footnote: Yeniseian skis were wide, more like snowshoes than the narrow skis familiar to the Western cultures.

Further reading

  • Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[1], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 231 of 216-293
  • Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “Coda-p.1 (Table 21)”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[2], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 279 of 216-293
  • Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 275
  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*ɮepʰʌ”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 490
  • Vajda, Edward (2024), The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[4], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 389-390
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “²ɛˀp”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 257
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “kul'êp/kul'ep”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 449
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