Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mulīnu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin molīna, variant of molīnum (“mill”).

Noun

*mulīnu f^[1]

mill

Inflection

ō-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*mulīnu
Genitive	*mulīnā
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*mulīnu	*mulīnō
Accusative	*mulīnā	*mulīnā
Genitive	*mulīnā	*mulīnō
Dative	*mulīnē	mulīnōm, mulīnum
Instrumental	*mulīnu	mulīnōm, mulīnum

Alternative reconstructions

*mulī, *mulīnā

Related terms

*mulīnārī

Descendants

Old English: mylen, myln
- Middle English: mylne, mele, melle, mille, miln, milne, myle, mylene, mylle, myln, molle, mule, mulle, mulne (Southern)
  - English: mill
    - Sranan Tongo: miri
    - → Hindi: मिल (mil)
  - Scots: mill, mull
  - Yola: mile
Old Frisian: *melene, *melne
- Saterland Frisian: Määlne
Old Saxon: *mulina
- Middle Low German: möle, mölne
  - Low German: Möhl
- → Old Norse: mylna^[2]
  - Icelandic: mylla
  - Faroese: mylna
  - Middle Norwegian: mylna, mjulna
    - Norwegian Nynorsk: mylne, mylna; (dialectal) mjune, mjone, mylle, mørne, mæln
  - Swedish: mölla
  - Danish: mølle
    - Norwegian Bokmål: mølle
    - → Norwegian Nynorsk: mølle
  - → Finnish: mylly
  - → Ingrian: mylly
  - → Kildin Sami: ме̄лл (miell)
Old Dutch: molna
- Middle Dutch: mōlen
  - Dutch: molen
  - Limburgish: meule
- → Old Frisian: molne, mole
  - West Frisian: mole, mûne
Old High German: mulīn, mulī
- Middle High German: mül, müle
  - Alemannic German: Müli
  - Bavarian:
    Cimbrian: müul
    Mòcheno: mil
  - Central Franconian: Möhl
    - Hunsrik: Mihl
    - Luxembourgish: Millen
  - German: Mühle
  - Pennsylvania German: Miehl
  - Yiddish: מיל (mil)
→ Proto-Slavic: *mъlinъ (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Miller, D. Gary (13 June 2012), “Early loanwords from Latin and Greek”, in External Influences on English: From its Beginnings to the Renaissance, Oxford University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, § 4.5, page 72: “WGmc. *mulīn-”.
^ Jan de Vries (1977) [1957–1960], “mylna”, in Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Old Norse Etymological Dictionary] (in German), 3rd edition, Leiden: E[vert] J[an] Brill, →OCLC, page 398.

[1] Miller, D. Gary (13 June 2012), “Early loanwords from Latin and Greek”, in External Influences on English: From its Beginnings to the Renaissance, Oxford University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, § 4.5, page 72: “WGmc. *mulīn-”.

[2] Jan de Vries (1977) [1957–1960], “mylna”, in Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Old Norse Etymological Dictionary] (in German), 3rd edition, Leiden: E[vert] J[an] Brill, →OCLC, page 398.

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