Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þrīstī

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; suggested to perhaps be from *þrīsti (“pushiness”) +‎ *-ī (adjective suffix), from earlier *þrinhsti, from *þringwan (“to press, push”) +‎ *-þi.^[1]^[2]^[3] Cognacy to Latin trīstis (“sad, sorrowful”) is disputed,^[4] and a connection to *durstī (“bold, daring”) is tempting, but difficult to reconcile morphologically.

Adjective

*þrīstī

bold, daring, audacious
Synonyms: *balþ, *durstī, *durstīg, *gadurstīg

Inflection

ja-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*þrīstī
Genitive	*þrīstijas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*þrīstī	*þrīstiju	*þrīstī
Accusative	*þrīstijanā	*þrīstijā	*þrīstī
Genitive	*þrīstijas	*þrīstijeʀā	*þrīstijas
Dative	*þrīstijumē	*þrīstijeʀē	*þrīstijumē
Instrumental	*þrīstiju	*þrīstijeʀu	*þrīstiju
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*þrīstijē	*þrīstijō	*þrīstiju
Accusative	*þrīstijā	*þrīstijā	*þrīstiju
Genitive	*þrīstijeʀō	*þrīstijeʀō	*þrīstijeʀō
Dative	þrīstijēm, þrīstijum	þrīstijēm, þrīstijum	þrīstijēm, þrīstijum
Instrumental	þrīstijēm, þrīstijum	þrīstijēm, þrīstijum	þrīstijēm, þrīstijum

Descendants

Old English: þrīste, þrīst
- Middle English: thriste, thrist
Old Saxon: thrīsti, thrīst
- Middle Low German: drîste, drîst
  - German Low German: driest
  - → Dutch: driest
  - → Saterland Frisian: driest
  - → West Frisian: dryst
  - → German: dreist
  - → Old Swedish: drister, dristogher
    - Swedish: drist
  - ⇒ Middle Low German: drîstich
    - → Danish: dristig
      - Norwegian Bokmål: dristig
    - → Norwegian Nynorsk: dristig
    - → Swedish: dristig
Old Dutch: *thrīsti
- Middle Dutch: drijste
  - Dutch: drijst (archaic)

References

^ Franck, Johannes (1892), “Driest”, in Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, page 205: “þrîsti uit *þrinhsti”
^ Lloyd, Albert L.; Lühr, Rosemarie (1998), “dringan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen‎^[1] (in German), volumes II: bî – ezzo, Göttingen/Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 780: “*þrenχstija-”
^ Hellquist, Elof (1922), “dristig”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[2] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 101: “germ. *þrinhstia-”
^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “driest”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[1] Franck, Johannes (1892), “Driest”, in Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, page 205: “þrîsti uit *þrinhsti”

[2] Lloyd, Albert L.; Lühr, Rosemarie (1998), “dringan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen‎^[1] (in German), volumes II: bî – ezzo, Göttingen/Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 780: “*þrenχstija-”

[3] Hellquist, Elof (1922), “dristig”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[2] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 101: “germ. *þrinhstia-”

[4] Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “driest”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[3] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]