Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ŋuga

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *nuga/n (per Janhunen)

Etymology

Not found in Jurchenic branch. Probably replaced after the original third singular pronoun *i.

Pronoun

*ŋuga

  1. he, she, it

See also

Proto-Tungusic personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person *bi *münti (inclusive)
*büe (exclusive)
2nd person *si *süe
3rd person *ŋuga *ti

Descendants

  • Tungusic:
    • Northern Tungusic:
      • Even: ноӈан (noŋan)
      • Evenki: нуӈан (nuŋan)
      • Negidal: ноӈан (noŋan)
      • Oroqen: nɔ:nɪn
    • Southern Tungusic:
      • Central:
        • Oroch: нуа (nua)
        • Udihe: нуа (nua)
      • South-Eastern:

References

  • Benzing, Johannes (1955), Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 109
  • Vovin, Alexander; Janhunen, Juha; de la Fuente, José Andrés Alonso (2023), The Tungusic Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), Abingdon: Routledge, page 59
  • Cincius, V. I. (1975), Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, page 611
  • Doerfer, Gerhard; Knüppel, Michael (2004), Etymologisch-ethnologisches Wörterbuch tungusischer Dialekte, Hildesheim: Olms, page 619
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