Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/baba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*bàba i vъnùkъ (sense 1)
*bàby (sense 6)

Etymology

  • Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bā́ˀbāˀ,[1] from nursery language.[2]

    Noun

    *bàba f[1][3][4][5][6]

    2. grandmother
      Synonyms: *babъka, *babica, *ova
    3. old woman
      Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
      1. → (figuratively) various objects used for hammering in, inserting, plugging
      2. → (figuratively) various objects used as a base, support (like a backrest)
      3. → (figuratively) various objects used for linking, connecting, binding together
      4. → (figuratively) various small, worthless items
      5. → (figuratively) heap of hay, grain; sheaf
      6. → babka (a type of ceremonial bread)
        Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
      7. → (figuratively) names of various species of mushrooms
      8. → (possibly) great white pelican (any bird of the genus Pelecanus onocrotalus)
    4. woman
      Synonyms: *babъka, *babica, *žena
    5. midwife
      Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
    6. sorceress, witch, hex
      Synonyms: *vědьma, *čarovьnica
      *baba ęga ― Baba Yaga
      *ęga baba ― Baba Yaga
      1. → (figuratively) names of various butterflies
      2. → (figuratively) names of various plants
    8. (North Slavic, astronomy, in the plural) Pleiades (star cluster)
      Synonym: *babъky

    Declension

    Declension of *bàba (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *bàba *bàbě *bàby
    genitive *bàby *bàbu *bàbъ
    dative *bàbě *bàbama *bàbamъ
    accusative *bàbǫ *bàbě *bàby
    instrumental *bàbojǫ, *bàbǭ** *bàbama *bàbamī
    locative *bàbě *bàbu *bàbasъ, *bàbaxъ*
    vocative *bàbo *bàbě *bàby

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    nouns
    verbs
    adjectives
    nouns

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: ба́ба (bába)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: баба (baba)
        Glagolitic script: ⰱⰰⰱⰰ (baba)
      • Bulgarian: ба́ба (bába)
      • Macedonian: ба́ба (bába)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: ба̏ба
        Latin script: bȁba
        • Chakavian (Novi): bȁba (“midwife”)
        • Chakavian (Vrgada): bȁba (“grandmother, midwife”)
      • Slovene: bába (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:

    See also

    Proto-Slavic family terms
    *sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) Male Female
    parent *otъ, *otьcь (“father”)
    nursery: *tata     		*mati (“mother”)
    nursery: *mama
    sibling *bratrъ (“brother”) *sestra (“sister”)
    child *synъ (“son”) *dъťi (“daughter”)
    grandparent – (“grandfather”)
    nursery: *dědъ; *nana     		*ova (“grandmother”)
    nursery: *baba; *nena
    grandchild *vъnukъ (“grandson”) *vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
    stepparent *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) *maťexa (“stepmother”)
    stepchild *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
    father's sibling *strъjь (“paternal uncle”)
    nursery: *dada; *lola     		– (“paternal aunt”)
    nursery: *teta; *lelja
    mother's sibling *ujь (“maternal uncle”)
    nursery: *dada; *lola     		– (“maternal aunt”)
    nursery: *teta; *lelja
    sibling's child *netьjь (“nephew”) *nestera (“niece”)
    spouse *mǫžь (“husband”) *žena (“wife”)
    parent of wife *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
    parent of husband *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
    sibling of wife *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
    sibling of husband *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
    spouse of child *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
    spouse of husband's brother – *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bàba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 32: “f. ā (a) ‘old woman’”
    2. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “баба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    3. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*baba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 105
    4. ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*baba”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 169
    5. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “baba -y”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 22, 69, 166, 199; PR 132; MP 17; RPT 110)”
    6. ^ Dybo, Vladimir A.; Zamyatina, Galina I.; Nikolaev, Sergei L. (1990), Основы славянской акцентологии [Fundamentals of Slavic Accentology]‎[2] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 42

    Further reading

    • “boba”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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