Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/up'ot'ak

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Finno-Permic *uppa/*wuppa (“suffocating”) (whence Erzya опамомс (opamoms, “to suffocate”)) with semantic development "to suffocate" > "to drown" > "to sink", with the suffix *-ot'ak. The sense "to suffocate" survives in Karelian upehtuo and Veps upehtuda.^[1]

Verb

*up'ot'ak (stem *uppoda-)^[2]

to drown (in water)
to sink (in water)

Inflection

Inflection of *up'ot'ak

	present	past	imperative	optative
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
1st sing.	*uppodan	*uppocin	—	*up'otkon
2nd sing.	*uppodat	*uppocit	*uppodak	*up'otkos
3rd sing.	uppodapi up'ot	*uppoci	*up'otkasën	*up'otkosën
1st plur.	*uppodakma	*uppocima	*up'otkatëma	*up'otkotëma
2nd plur.	*uppodakta	*uppocita	*up'otkata	*up'otkotta
3rd plur.	uppodabat up'ot	*uppoci	*up'otkasën	*up'otkosën
passive	uppodaksën uppodat'aksën	up'ottisën uppodattihën	up'ottakahën uppodattagasën	up'ottakohën uppodattagosën
connegative	*uppodak	—	*up'otkak	*up'otkok
passive connegative	*uppodaktak	—	up'ottagak uppodattagak	up'ottagok uppodattagok
	conditional 1	conditional 2	potential
1st sing.	*uppodakcin	*uppocicin	*up'onnën
2nd sing.	*uppodakcit	*uppocicit	*up'onnët
3rd sing.	*uppodakci	*uppocici	*up'onni
1st plur.	*uppodakcima	*uppocicima	*up'onnëma
2nd plur.	*uppodakcida	*uppocicida	*up'onnëta
3rd plur.	*uppodakci	*uppocici	*up'onni
passive	up'ot'akcihën uppodat'akcisën	up'otticihën uppodatticisën	up'ottanëhën uppodattanësën
connegative	*uppodakcik	*uppocicik	*up'onnëk
passive connegative	up'ot'akcik uppodat'akcik	up'otticik uppodatticik	up'ottanëk uppodattanëk
non-finite forms	infinitives/nouns		participles
non-finite forms	infinitives/nouns		active	passive
infinitive 1	*up'ot'ak	present	*uppodapa	up'ottapa uppodattaba
infinitive 2	*up'ottë-	past	*up'onnut	up'ottu uppodattu
gerund/supine	*uppodama	negative	*uppodamat'oin
action noun	*uppodaminen

Derived terms

*up'ottadak

Descendants

Estonian: uppuma/uppuda
Finnish: upota
Ingrian: upota
Karelian:
- North Karelian: upota
- South Karelian: upota
Livonian: ⇒ upāndõ
Livvi: upota
Ludian: upota
Veps: upota
Võro: uppuma/uppudaq
Votic: upotõ

References

^ Aikio, Ante: Uralic Etymological Dictionary (draft, 2020) [1]
^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*uppoda-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎^[2] (in Finnish)

[1] Aikio, Ante: Uralic Etymological Dictionary (draft, 2020) [1]

[2] Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*uppoda-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎^[2] (in Finnish)

[1]

[2]