Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tarttudak

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

According to SSA, of sound-symbolic origin (compare dialectal Finnish tyrttyä),^[1] with the suffix +‎ *-udak. Compare also Finnish tarrata (“to adhere; to grab”). According to UEW, possibly from Proto-Finno-Ugric *tarttɜ- (“to cling to, stick to, get caught”), whence Hungarian tart,^[2] but the consensus of modern scholarship is that Proto-Uralic did not allow such consonant clusters.

Verb

*tarttudak (stem *tarttu-)

to stick, adhere
to grab, seize

Inflection

Inflection of *tarttudak

	present	past	imperative	optative
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
1st sing.	*tart'un	*tart'uin	—	*tarttugon
2nd sing.	*tart'ut	*tart'uit	*tart'uk	*tarttugos
3rd sing.	tarttubi tarttu	*tarttui	*tarttugasën	*tarttugosën
1st plur.	*tart'ukma	*tarttuima	*tarttugatëma	*tarttugotëma
2nd plur.	*tart'ukta	*tarttuida	*tarttugata	*tarttugotta
3rd plur.	tarttubat tarttu	*tarttui	*tarttugasën	*tarttugosën
passive	tart'uksën tart'ut'aksën	tarttudisën tart'uttisën	tarttudakahën tart'uttakahën	tarttudakohën tart'uttakohën
connegative	*tart'uk	—	*tarttugak	*tarttugok
passive connegative	*tart'uktak	—	tarttudagak tart'uttagak	tarttudagok tart'uttagok
	conditional 1	conditional 2	potential
1st sing.	*tart'ukcin	*tarttuicin	*tarttunën
2nd sing.	*tart'ukcit	*tarttuicit	*tarttunët
3rd sing.	*tart'ukci	*tarttuici	*tarttuni
1st plur.	*tart'ukcima	*tarttuicima	*tarttunëma
2nd plur.	*tart'ukcita	*tarttuicita	*tarttunëta
3rd plur.	*tart'ukci	*tarttuici	*tarttuni
passive	tarttudakcihën tart'ut'akcihën	tarttudicihën tart'utticihën	tarttudanëhën tart'uttanëhën
connegative	*tart'ukcik	*tarttuicik	*tarttunëk
passive connegative	tarttudakcik tart'ut'akcik	tarttudicik tart'utticik	tarttudanëk tart'uttanëk
non-finite forms	infinitives/nouns		participles
non-finite forms	infinitives/nouns		active	passive
infinitive 1	*tarttudak	present	*tarttuba	tarttudapa tart'uttapa
infinitive 2	*tarttudë-	past	*tarttunut	tarttudu tart'uttu
gerund/supine	*tarttuma	negative	*tarttumat'oin
action noun	*tarttuminen

Descendants

>? Estonian: tarduma/tarduda
Finnish: tarttua
Ingrian: tarttua
Karelian:
- North Karelian: tarttuo
- South Karelian: tarttuo
Livvi: tartuo
Ludian: tartuda
Veps: tartuda
Votic: tarttua

References

^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tarttua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
^ Entry #1029 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[1] Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “tarttua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

[2] Entry #1029 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

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