Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/raivat'ak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
By metathesis from earlier *rawja- (cf. similar metathesis in *laiva, *raivo), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *strawjaną + *-t'ak.
Verb
*raivat'ak (stem *raivada-)
- to clear (remove obstructions, impediments or unwanted items from a forest, a field, etc.)
Inflection
Inflection of *raivat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *raivadan | *raivacin | — | *raivatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *raivadat | *raivacit | *raivadak | *raivatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *raivadapi *raivat |
*raivaci | *raivatkasën | *raivatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *raivadakma | *raivacima | *raivatkatëma | *raivatkotëma |
| 2nd plur. | *raivadakta | *raivacita | *raivatkata | *raivatkotta |
| 3rd plur. | *raivadabat *raivat |
*raivaci | *raivatkasën | *raivatkosën |
| passive | *raivadaksën *raivadat'aksën |
*raivattisën *raivadattihën |
*raivattakahën *raivadattagasën |
*raivattakohën *raivadattagosën |
| connegative | *raivadak | — | *raivatkak | *raivatkok |
| passive connegative | *raivadaktak | — | *raivattagak *raivadattagak |
*raivattagok *raivadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *raivadakcin | *raivacicin | *raivannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *raivadakcit | *raivacicit | *raivannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *raivadakci | *raivacici | *raivanni | |
| 1st plur. | *raivadakcima | *raivacicima | *raivannëma | |
| 2nd plur. | *raivadakcida | *raivacicida | *raivannëta | |
| 3rd plur. | *raivadakci | *raivacici | *raivanni | |
| passive | *raivat'akcihën *raivadat'akcisën |
*raivatticihën *raivadatticisën |
*raivattanëhën *raivadattanësën | |
| connegative | *raivadakcik | *raivacicik | *raivannëk | |
| passive connegative | *raivat'akcik *raivadat'akcik |
*raivatticik *raivadatticik |
*raivattanëk *raivadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *raivat'ak | present | *raivadapa | *raivattapa *raivadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *raivattë- | past | *raivannut | *raivattu *raivadattu |
| gerund/supine | *raivadama | negative | *raivadamat'oin | |
| action noun | *raivadaminen | |||
Descendants
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “raivata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN