Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pinka
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Cognate with Proto-Samic *pëŋkē, further origin uncertain. Possibly related to Eastern Mari пеҥгыде (peŋgyde, “hard, firm, solid, rigid”).
Adjective
*pinka[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *pinka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *pinka | *pingat | |
| accusative | *pingan | *pingat | |
| genitive | *pingan | *pinkadën *pinkoidën | |
| partitive | *pinkada | *pinkoida | |
| inessive | *pingassa *pingahna |
*pingoissa *pingoihna | |
| elative | *pingasta | *pingoista | |
| illative | *pinkahën | *pinkoihën | |
| adessive | *pingalla | *pingoilla | |
| ablative | *pingalta | *pingoilta | |
| allative | *pinkalën *pinkalëk |
*pinkoilën *pinkoilëk | |
| essive | *pinkana | *pinkoina | |
| translative | *pingaksi | *pingoiksi | |
| instructive | *pingan | *pingoin | |
| comitative | *pinkanëk | *pinkoinëk | |
| abessive | *pingatta | *pingoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: ⇒ pingal, pingul, pinge, pingutama
- Finnish: (dialectal) pinka, ⇒ pinkeä, pinkoa
- Livonian: ⇒ põnkt
- Võro: ⇒ pinganõ
Further reading
- “pinge”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “pingottaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN