Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/niiskudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Onomatopoeic.
Verb
*niiskudak (stem *niisku-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *niiskudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *niiskun | *niiskuin | — | *niiskugon |
| 2nd sing. | *niiskut | *niiskuit | *niiskuk | *niiskugos |
| 3rd sing. | *niiskubi *niisku |
*niiskui | *niiskugasën | *niiskugosën |
| 1st plur. | *niiskukma | *niiskuima | *niiskugatëma | *niiskugotëma |
| 2nd plur. | *niiskukta | *niiskuida | *niiskugata | *niiskugotta |
| 3rd plur. | *niiskubat *niisku |
*niiskui | *niiskugasën | *niiskugosën |
| passive | *niiskuksën *niiskut'aksën |
*niiskudisën *niiskuttisën |
*niiskudakahën *niiskuttakahën |
*niiskudakohën *niiskuttakohën |
| connegative | *niiskuk | — | *niiskugak | *niiskugok |
| passive connegative | *niiskuktak | — | *niiskudagak *niiskuttagak |
*niiskudagok *niiskuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *niiskukcin | *niiskuicin | *niiskunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *niiskukcit | *niiskuicit | *niiskunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *niiskukci | *niiskuici | *niiskuni | |
| 1st plur. | *niiskukcima | *niiskuicima | *niiskunëma | |
| 2nd plur. | *niiskukcita | *niiskuicita | *niiskunëta | |
| 3rd plur. | *niiskukci | *niiskuici | *niiskuni | |
| passive | *niiskudakcihën *niiskut'akcihën |
*niiskudicihën *niiskutticihën |
*niiskudanëhën *niiskuttanëhën | |
| connegative | *niiskukcik | *niiskuicik | *niiskunëk | |
| passive connegative | *niiskudakcik *niiskut'akcik |
*niiskudicik *niiskutticik |
*niiskudanëk *niiskuttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *niiskudak | present | *niiskuba | *niiskudapa *niiskuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *niiskudë- | past | *niiskunut | *niiskudu *niiskuttu |
| gerund/supine | *niiskuma | negative | *niiskumat'oin | |
| action noun | *niiskuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: niiksuma/niiksuda
- Finnish: (dialectal, rare) niiskua, ⇒ niiskuttaa
- Karelian:
- South Karelian: niiskua
- Livonian: nīskõ
References
Further reading
- “niiksuma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “niiskua”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN