Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/laiska
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unclear. Likely akin to Latvian laĩsks (“lazy”), though the direction of the borrowing is unclear. According to Heikkilä (2013), possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *flaiska- (see *flaiski) with the semantic shift “overweight” → “lazy”, and from Finnic into Latvian.[1]
Adjective
*laiska[2]
Inflection
Inflection of *laiska
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *laiska | *laiskat | |
| accusative | *laiskan | *laiskat | |
| genitive | *laiskan | *laiskadën *laiskoidën | |
| partitive | *laiskada | *laiskoida | |
| inessive | *laiskassa *laiskahna |
*laiskoissa *laiskoihna | |
| elative | *laiskasta | *laiskoista | |
| illative | *laiskahën | *laiskoihën | |
| adessive | *laiskalla | *laiskoilla | |
| ablative | *laiskalta | *laiskoilta | |
| allative | *laiskalën *laiskalëk |
*laiskoilën *laiskoilëk | |
| essive | *laiskana | *laiskoina | |
| translative | *laiskaksi | *laiskoiksi | |
| instructive | *laiskan | *laiskoin | |
| comitative | *laiskanëk | *laiskoinëk | |
| abessive | *laiskatta | *laiskoitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: laisk
- Finnish: laiska
- Ingrian: laiska
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: laiska
- South Karelian: laiška
- Livonian: lāiska
- Livvi: lašku
- Ludian: lašk
- Veps: lašk
- Võro: laisk
- Votic: laiskõ
- →? Latvian: laĩsks
- → Proto-Samic: *lāškē (see there for further descendants)
References
Further reading
- “laisk”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012