Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ampudak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Permic *ampe-. According to EVE, the noun *ampu (“bow”) may be primary, from which the verb would be derived; this would explain the semantics, since *-udak (suggested by the form) derives passive, automative or reflexive verbs.[1]
Verb
*ampudak (stem *ampu-)
Inflection
Inflection of *ampudak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *ambun | *ambuin | — | *ampugon |
| 2nd sing. | *ambut | *ambuit | *ambuk | *ampugos |
| 3rd sing. | *ampubi *ampu |
*ampui | *ampugasën | *ampugosën |
| 1st plur. | *ambukma | *ampuima | *ampugatëma | *ampugotëma |
| 2nd plur. | *ambukta | *ampuida | *ampugata | *ampugotta |
| 3rd plur. | *ampubat *ampu |
*ampui | *ampugasën | *ampugosën |
| passive | *ambuksën *ambut'aksën |
*ampudisën *ambuttisën |
*ampudakahën *ambuttakahën |
*ampudakohën *ambuttakohën |
| connegative | *ambuk | — | *ampugak | *ampugok |
| passive connegative | *ambuktak | — | *ampudagak *ambuttagak |
*ampudagok *ambuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *ambukcin | *ampuicin | *ampunën | |
| 2nd sing. | *ambukcit | *ampuicit | *ampunët | |
| 3rd sing. | *ambukci | *ampuici | *ampuni | |
| 1st plur. | *ambukcima | *ampuicima | *ampunëma | |
| 2nd plur. | *ambukcita | *ampuicita | *ampunëta | |
| 3rd plur. | *ambukci | *ampuici | *ampuni | |
| passive | *ampudakcihën *ambut'akcihën |
*ampudicihën *ambutticihën |
*ampudanëhën *ambuttanëhën | |
| connegative | *ambukcik | *ampuicik | *ampunëk | |
| passive connegative | *ampudakcik *ambut'akcik |
*ampudicik *ambutticik |
*ampudanëk *ambuttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *ampudak | present | *ampuba | *ampudapa *ambuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *ampudë- | past | *ampunut | *ampudu *ambuttu |
| gerund/supine | *ampuma | negative | *ampumat'oin | |
| action noun | *ampuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: amb (< *ampu)
- Finnish: ampua
- Ingrian: ampua
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: ampuo
- South Karelian: ambuo
- Livvi: ambuo
- Ludian: ambuda
- Veps: ampta
- Votic: ampua
- → Proto-Samic: *āmpōtēk (see there for further descendants)
References
Further reading
- “amb”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*ampu”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)
- Entry #1189 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.