Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/barannīkos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Matasović's decomposition into *barinā (“rocky ground”) +‎ *-ākos is wrong, because Brittonic has double -nn- in this word and the i in Brittonic cannot come from *ā. The i in Brittonic can only come from *ī, which forces the preceding vowel to be *a in order to be i-affected to e.

Matasović identifies the root as Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“to elevate”).[1]

The vowel correspondences to Latin barneca and its variants are highly irregular and variable.

Noun

*barannīkos m[2]

  1. barnacle, limpet

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *barannīkos *barannīkou *barannīkoi
vocative *barannīke *barannīkou *barannīkoi
accusative *barannīkom *barannīkou *barannīkons
genitive *barannīkī *barannīkous *barannīkom
dative *barannīkūi *barannīkobom *barannīkobos
locative *barannīkei *? *?
instrumental *barannīkū *barannīkobim *barannīkūis

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *brėnnig
  • Middle Irish: bairnech
  • → Medieval Latin: barneca, berneca (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*barinā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 57
  2. ^ Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2024), “A bird name suffix ✶-anno- in Celtic and Gallo-Romance”, in Guus Kroonen, editor, Sub-Indo-European Europe: Problems, Methods, Results (Trends in Linguistics Studies and Monographs), volume 375, Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, pages 140–142
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