-атын

Kazakh

preceding vowel
А / Ы / О / Ұ Ә / Е / І / Ө / Ү
postconsonantal -йтын (-ityn) -йтін (-itın)
postvocalic -атын (-atyn) -етін (-etın)

Etymology

From earlier -атұғын (-atūğyn), which is now obsolete, from *-a turgan. Equivalent for -а (-a) + тұр (tūr) + -ған (-ğan). Compare Karachay-Balkar -атургъан (-aturğan), Nogai -атагъан (-atag”an), Tatar -а торган (-a torgan), Southern Altai -атан (-atan) / -отон (-oton), etc.

Suffix

-атын • (-atyn)

  1. Used to form present participles from verbs:
    1. Denoting the actor of the verb
      ‎бару (baru, “to go”) + ‎-атын (-atyn) → ‎баратын (baratyn, “which is going”)
      Шөп жейтін қоян. ― Şöp jeitın qoän. ― A rabbit that eats grass.
    2. Meaning “that is to be [verb]ed; suitable for [verb]ing; intended for [verb]ing”
      Бұл жейтін нәрсе емес! ― Būl jeitın närse emes! ― It is not a thing to eat!
  2. Used to form subordinate clauses in present or future tense: that
    Келмейтінін білемін ― Kelmeitının bılemın ― I know that she won't come.
    Бірге болатынымызға сенемін ― Bırge bolatynymyzğa senemın ― I believe that we will be together.
  3. used to (Used to form past habitual tense)
    Бала кезімізде футбол көп ойнайтынбыз. ― Bala kezımızde futbol köp oinaitynbyz. ― We used to play football a lot when we were children.
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