𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷
Old Uyghur
| Uyghur script | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽰𐽷 (pylʾk) |
|---|---|
| Orkhon script | — |
| Manichaean script | 𐫁𐫏𐫓𐫏𐫃 (bylyg) |
| Sogdian script | 𐼾𐼷𐼹𐼷𐼸 (pylyk)[1] 𐼾𐼷𐼹𐼰𐼷𐼸 (pylʾyk)[2][3] |
| Arabic script | — |
| Syriac script | ܦܝܠܝܓ (pylyg)[4] |
| Brāhmī script | 𑀧𑀺𑀮𑀺𑀖𑁆 (piligh) 𑀧𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀖𑁆 (pligh) 𑀩𑀺𑀮𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀮𑀺 (biligli) 𑀩𑀺𑀮𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀬𑀼 (biligyu)[5][6] |
| Tibetan script | པི་ལིག (pi.lig) ཧྦྱི་ལིག (hbyi.lig) བྱི་ལིག (byi.lig)[7] |
| Han script | 兵古賢 (bīng gǔ)[8] |
| ẖP'agsPa script | ꡌꡦ ꡂꡦ (pė.gė)[9][10] |
Etymology 1
Composed of 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽹𐽰𐽷 (pylmʾk /bil-/, “to know, to understand”) + -𐽷 (-k /-ig/, deverbal nominal suffix).
Noun
𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (pylyk /bilig/)
- (philosophy, religion) knowledge, cognition, reason
- Synonyms: 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰 (pylkʾ /bilgä/), 𐽰𐽶𐽺𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽰 (ʾynyʾnʾ /iɲana/), 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽹𐽰𐽲 (twymʾq /tuymaḳ/)
- c. 9th century, Alp Ïnal (𐽰𐾁𐽼 𐽰𐽶𐽺𐽰𐾁), A hand-written copy of Nom Čäčäki Sudur[11][12] Pelliot Chinois 3071.1 (verso, line 1):[13]
- 𐽼𐽰𐽶 𐽼𐽰𐽶 𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽼𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷 𐾈 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐽷𐽶𐽿𐽶 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽱𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽳𐽷 [𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷]
- pʾy pʾy ʾrʾnlʾr pʾyyn pylyk twtmʾnk kwyc kwyc kyšy lʾr kwyβʾnywk [pylyk twtmʾnk]
- /Bay-bay äränlär bayïn bilig tutmaŋ, küč-küč kišilär küvänyük [bilig tutmaŋ.]/
- Wealthy people cannot acquire knowledge through wealth, strong people cannot acquire knowledge through hubris.
- 𐽼𐽰𐽶 𐽼𐽰𐽶 𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽼𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷 𐾈 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 𐽷𐽶𐽿𐽶 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽱𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽳𐽷 [𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷]
- (philosophy, religion) consciousness, idea
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽲𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾdqʾq /adḳaḳ/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐾁 (kwynkwl /köŋül/), 𐽻𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺𐽽 (sʾqync /saḳïnč/)
Declension
| Note: Not all forms are attested. | ||
|---|---|---|
| — | singular | definite plural |
| nominative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (pylyk) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾 (pylyklʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (pylyknynk) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (pylyklʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰 (pylykkʾ) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (pylyklʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽷 (pylykyk) 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶 (pylykny) |
𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (pylyklʾryk) 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (pylyklʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽸𐽰 (pylykdʾ) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (pylyklʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pylykdyn) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pylyklʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 (pylykyn) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (pylyklʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽽𐽰 (pylykcʾ) | — |
| directive | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (pylykkʾrw) | — |
| similative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (pylyklʾyw) | — |
Derived terms
- 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽻𐽶𐽴 (pylyksyz /biligsiz/, “ignorant, unconscious, dunce, moron”)
- 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽶𐽷 (pylyklyk /biliglig/, “knowledgeable; experienced, dominant”)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Composed of 𐽼𐽶 (py /bi/, “knife, blade”) + -𐾁𐽶𐽷 (-lyk /-lik/, nominal derivative suffix).
Noun
𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (pylyk /bilik/)
- (rare, weaponry) blade, knife, any offensive equipment
- Synonyms: 𐽼𐽶𐽽𐽲𐽳 (pycqw /bïčġu/), 𐽼𐽶𐽽𐽰𐽷 (pycʾk /bičäk/), 𐽼𐽶𐽴 (pyz /biz/)
Declension
| Note: Not all forms are attested. | ||
|---|---|---|
| — | singular | definite plural |
| nominative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (pylyk) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾 (pylyklʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (pylyknynk) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (pylyklʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰 (pylykkʾ) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (pylyklʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽷 (pylykyk) 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽺𐽶 (pylykny) |
𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽷 (pylyklʾryk) 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (pylyklʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽸𐽰 (pylykdʾ) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 (pylyklʾrdʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pylykdyn) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pylyklʾrdyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 (pylykyn) | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (pylyklʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽽𐽰 (pylykcʾ) | — |
| directive | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (pylykkʾrw) | — |
| similative | 𐽼𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (pylyklʾyw) | — |
Descendants
References
- ^ https://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Altt%C3%BCrkische_Text_in_sogdischer_Schrift.htm#219579
- ^ https://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Altt%C3%BCrkische_Text_in_sogdischer_Schrift.htm#219621
- ^ https://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Altt%C3%BCrkische_Text_in_sogdischer_Schrift.htm#220632
- ^ Zieme, Peter (2015), Altuigurische Texte der Kirche des Ostens aus Zentralasien (Gorgias Eastern Christian Studies; 41) (in German), →ISBN, page 208
- ^ Dieter, Maue (1996), Alttürkische Handschriften: Dokumente in Brāhmī und Tibetischer Schrift (Teil 1) (Verzeichnis der orientalischen handschriften in Deutschland; 9) (in German), →ISBN, page 248
- ^ Dieter, Maue (2015), Alttürkische Handschriften: Dokumente in Brāhmī und Tibetischer Schrift (Teil 2) (Verzeichnis der orientalischen handschriften in Deutschland; 27) (in German), →ISBN, page 582
- ^ Dieter, Maue (1996), Alttürkische Handschriften: Dokumente in Brāhmī und Tibetischer Schrift (Teil 1) (Verzeichnis der orientalischen handschriften in Deutschland; 9) (in German), →ISBN, pages 211, 216, 219
- ^ Yunusoğlu, Mağfiret Kemal (2012), Uygurca-Çince İdikut Sözlüğü[1] (in Turkish), Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 155
- ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/u/images/u5303seite1.jpg
- ^ Matsui (松井), Dai (太) (1998), “Uigur Administrative Orders Bearing 'Qutluγ-seals'”, in Studies on Inner Asian Languages, volume 13, pages 1-62
- ^ Hamilton, James Russell (1986), Manuscrits Ouïgours du IXᵉ-Xᵉ Siècle de Touen-Houang (Fondation Singer-Polignac) (in French), →ISBN, page 57
- ^ https://idp.bl.uk/collection/8A139FD40A4E0E49834A4C01D07E7C37/?return=%2Fcollection%2F%3Fterm%3DPellit%2BChinois%2B3071
- ^ https://idp.bl.uk/uv/?manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.idp.bl.uk%2Fiiif%2F3%2Fmanifest%2F8A139FD40A4E0E49834A4C01D07E7C37#?c=&m=&cv=&xywh=-2%2C114%2C677%2C1065
- ^ Léi, Xuǎnchūn (雷选春) (1992), “知道”, in 西部裕固汉词典 [Xībù Yùgù-Hàn cídiǎn], Chengdu: Sichuan Minority Publishing House, page 54
- ^ Léi, Xuǎnchūn (雷选春) (1992), “勢开”, in 西部裕固汉词典 [Xībù Yùgù-Hàn cídiǎn], Chengdu: Sichuan Minority Publishing House
Further reading
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968), “bilig”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 42
- Clauson, Gerard (1972), “bi:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 291
- Clauson, Gerard (1972), “bilig”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 339
- The template Template:R:otk:DTS does not use the parameter(s):
entry=bilig (I)
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, pages 99-100 - Wilkens, Jens (2021), “1bilig, 1bilik”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 173, 175