鮭
See also: 鲑
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Translingual
Han character
鮭 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火土土 (NFGG), four-corner 24314, composition ⿰魚圭)
Derived characters
- 𫊒
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1470, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46132
- Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4684, character 10
- Unihan data for U+9BAD
Chinese
| trad. | 鮭 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 鲑 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 街 | *kreː, *kreː |
| 鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
| 娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
| 佳 | *kreː |
| 鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 啀 | *ŋreː |
| 厓 | *ŋreː |
| 捱 | *ŋreː |
| 睚 | *ŋreːs |
| 娃 | *qreː |
| 洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
| 哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
| 胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
| 溎 | *qeːns |
| 觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
| 黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
| 蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
| 蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
| 窪 | *qʷraː |
| 卦 | *kʷreːs |
| 挂 | *kʷreːs |
| 掛 | *kʷreːs |
| 詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
| 罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
| 絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
| 鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
| 圭 | *kʷeː |
| 珪 | *kʷeː |
| 邽 | *kʷeː |
| 閨 | *kʷeː |
| 袿 | *kʷeː |
| 窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
| 茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 桂 | *kʷeːs |
| 筀 | *kʷeːs |
| 奎 | *kʰʷeː |
| 刲 | *kʰʷeː |
| 蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
| 楏 | *kʰʷeː |
| 睳 | *qʰʷeː |
| 畦 | *ɡʷeː |
| 眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
| 烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 恚 | *qʷes |
| 硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai1
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kôe / kê / kêre / hâi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: guī
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guei
- Wade–Giles: kuei1
- Yale: gwēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwai1
- Yale: gwāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwai1
- Guangdong Romanization: guei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ge2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gá̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ge2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kôe
- Tâi-lô: kuê
- Phofsit Daibuun: koee
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kue²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kê
- Tâi-lô: kê
- Phofsit Daibuun: kee
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kêre
- Tâi-lô: kerê
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâi
- Tâi-lô: hâi
- Phofsit Daibuun: haai
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hai¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hai²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- kôe/kê/kêre - vernacular;
- hâi - literary.
- Middle Chinese: kwej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeː/
Definitions
鮭
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鮭魚 (“salmon”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鮭, 鮭魚 | |
| Taxonomic name | 鮭 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鮭魚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 三文魚 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 三文魚 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 紅鰱魚 |
| Kaohsiung | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Yilan | 鮭魚 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Taichung | 鮭魚 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 鮭魚 | |
| Tainan | 紅鰱魚, 三文魚 | |
| Tainan (Anping) | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Taitung | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Hsinchu | 鮭魚 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 紅鰱魚 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 三文魚 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 三文魚, 鮭魚 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 三文魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 三文魚 |
Compounds
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xié
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sié
- Wade–Giles: hsieh2
- Yale: syé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
- Palladius: се (se)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: hea
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡreː/
Definitions
鮭
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
- Wade–Giles: kʻuei2
- Yale: kwéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
- Palladius: куй (kuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: khwej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷeː/
Definitions
鮭
- only used in 鮭陽／鲑阳
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wā
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wa
- Wade–Giles: wa1
- Yale: wā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ua
- Palladius: ва (va)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
鮭
- only used in 鮭蠪／鲑𰲴
Pronunciation 5
| For pronunciation and definitions of 鮭 – see 觟. (This character is a variant form of 觟). |
References
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “鲑”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 201.
Japanese
Kanji
鮭
Readings
- Go-on: け (ke)←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)、げ (ge)
- Kan-on: かい (kai)、けい (kei)←けい (kei, historical)←くゑい (kwei, ancient)
- Kun: さけ (sake, 鮭)、しゃけ (shake, 鮭)←しやけ (syake, 鮭, historical)、ふぐ (fugu, 鮭)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鮭 |
| さけ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 鮏 |
Originally borrowed from Ainu サㇰイベ (sak ibe, “salmon”, literally “summer + eat”, in reference to how the fish would be caught and eaten in the summer),[1] or possible alternative unattested compound *サㇰエㇷ゚ (sak ep, literally “summer + food”).[2]
Pronunciation
Noun
鮭 or 鮭 • (sake)
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サケ (sake).
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鮭 |
| しゃけ Hyōgai |
Probably a sound shift from the sake reading, possibly to help differentiate from 酒 (sake, “alcoholic beverage”). Alternatively, might be a borrowing from a different dialect of Ainu.
Pronunciation
Noun
鮭 or 鮭 • (shake) ←しやけ (syake)?
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “さけ 【鮭・鮏】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
- ^ 2005, 日本語源大辞典 (Nihon Gogen Daijiten) (in Japanese), →ISBN, quoted in this 2005 blog post
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “▲鮭”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
Korean
Hanja
鮭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)
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Vietnamese
Han character
鮭: Hán Nôm readings: khuê, khoai
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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