邪魔

Chinese

daemonical; iniquitous; nefarious devil
trad. (邪魔)
simp. #(邪魔)

Pronunciation


Noun

邪魔

  1. evil spirit; demon; devil

Synonyms

Derived terms

  • 邪魔外道

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (邪魔):
  • Japanese: (じゃ)() (jama)
  • Korean: 사마(邪魔) (sama)
  • Vietnamese: tà ma (邪魔)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
じゃ
Grade: S

Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative forms

  • Including the honorific prefix (o-): (じゃ)() (o-jama), ()(じゃ)() (o-jama)

Etymology

Originally a Buddhist term, imported into Japanese when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, some time during the Kofun, Asuka, and Nara periods.

From Middle Chinese 邪魔 (MC zjae ma, literally “wrong, evil, perverse" + "devil, demon”). Compare modern Mandarin 邪魔 (xiémó).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) じゃ [jàmá] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑa̠ma̠]

Adjective

(じゃ)() • (jama-na (adnominal (じゃ)() (jama na), adverbial (じゃ)() (jama ni))

  1. in the way; hindering
    • 2024 April 3, 岡村晴美 [Harumi Okamura], quotee, “第213回国会 衆議院 法務委員会 第7号 令和6年4月3日 [213th Diet House of Representatives Judicial Affairs Committee No. 7 April 3, 2024]”, in 国会会議録検索システム [Diet Proceedings Search System]‎[1], 国立国会図書館 [National Diet Library], retrieved 20 September 2025:
      やはり、共同することが一番いいことだと思っていると、それに邪魔なものはなるべくない方がいいかなというところで、軽視するというのが問題だというふうに思います。
      Yahari, kyōdō suru koto ga ichiban ii koto da to omotte iru to, sore ni jama na mono wa narubeku nai hō ga ii kana to iu tokoro de, keishi suru to iu no ga mondai da to iu fū ni omoi masu.
      After all, if we believe that working together is the best thing, and that it would be best if there were as few obstacles as possible to that, then I think the problem is that we tend to neglect this.
  2. annoying

Inflection

Noun

(じゃ)() • (jama

  1. (Buddhism) a demon or devil of perversity, a hindrance to the practice of Buddhism
  2. (more generally) an obstacle, a hindrance, interference
    (はこ)ここ(ほう)のは(じゃ)()だよ。
    Hako o koko ni hōru no wa jama da yo.
    Those boxes you threw down here are in the way.
  3. a nuisance, a bother
    (でん)()(じゃ)()をしないでください
    Denwa no jama o shinaide kudasai.
    Please don't be a nuisance when I'm on the phone. → Please don't interrupt my phone calls.
  4. (figurative, idiomatic, humble) a visit
    (らい)(しゅう)(じゃ)()あがってよろしいでしょうか。
    Raishū ojama ni agatte mo yoroshii deshō ka.
    Would it be all right to visit you next week?

Usage notes

The sense "a visit" is said of oneself visiting someone else, never of others, and usually prefixed with the honorific (o-).

Synonyms

Verb

(じゃ)()する • (jama surutransitive suru (stem (じゃ)() (jama shi), past (じゃ)()した (jama shita))

  1. to impede, to obstruct
    そのパイプ(つう)()(じゃ)()しています。
    Sono paipu ga tsūka o jama shite imasu.
    That pipe is impeding passage.
  2. to be a bother, obstacle, nuisance, hindrance
    宿(しゅく)(だい)しているから(じゃ)()しないでくれ。
    Shukudai shite iru kara jama shinaide kure.
    I'm doing my homework, so don't bother me.

Conjugation

Idioms

Synonyms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

邪魔

  1. chữ Hán form of tà ma (bad ghost)