豝

豝 (Kangxi radical 152, 豕+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一人日山 (MOAU), four-corner 1721₇, composition ⿰豕巴)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1195, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36356
• Dae Jaweon: page 1657, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3612, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8C5D

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *praː): semantic 豕 (“pig; boar”) + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː).

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *C-pək (“pig”); if so, cognate with Tibetan ཕག (phag), Burmese ဝက် (wak) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT).

However, there are phonological mismatches:

• A medial *-r- in Old Chinese should correspond to a pre-initial in Tibeto-Burman, but this is not present (Schuessler, 2007).
• A final *-k is present in Tibeto-Burman yet absent in Old Chinese, which is an irregular correspondence (Schuessler, 2007; Sagart, 2011b).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) considers Waic *bras (“wild boar”) a better match. Meanwhile Sagart (2011b) suggests Tibetan བ (ba, “female cattle”) and Queyu bra (“female cattle”) as possible comparanda; if so, a semantic analogy would be 豬 (OC *ta, “pig”), possibly a rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of 豭 (OC *kraː, “male pig”) and its homophone 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”), with *kra meaning "male animal" generally (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

豝

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) sow (female pig)

   • 彼茁者葭、壹發五豝。于嗟乎騶虞。彼茁者蓬、壹發五豵。于嗟乎騶虞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     彼茁者葭、壹发五豝。于嗟乎驺虞。彼茁者蓬、壹发五𫎆。于嗟乎驺虞。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bǐ zhuó zhě jiā, yī fā wǔ bā. Yú jiēhū zōuyú. Bǐ zhuó zhě péng, yī fā wǔ zōng. Yú jiēhū zōuyú. [Pinyin]

     Strong and abundant grow the rushes; He discharges [but] one arrow at five wild sows. Ah! he is the Zou-yu!
     Strong and abundant grow the artemisia; He discharges [but] one arrow at five wild piglets. Ah! he is the Zou-yu!

2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) one- or two-year-old pig (or creature)
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 羓 (bā, “dried meat”)

• → Proto-Hmong: *mpæꟲ (“pig”)

(Hyōgai kanji)

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(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: へ (he)
• Kan-on: は (ha)

豝 • (pae) (hangeul 패, revised pae, McCune–Reischauer p'ae, Yale phay)

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