致す

Japanese

Kanji in this term
いた
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese. Derived as the transitive/causative counterpart to intransitive verb 至る (itaru, to come; to go; to reach a point in time or space; to result in),[1] originally meaning the same as causative conjugation 至らせる (itaraseru, to make something or someone come or go; to make something reach a point in time or space; to cause a certain result).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 致す
Plain 致す [ìtáꜜsù]
Conjunctive 致して して [ìtáꜜshìtè]
Perfective 致した した [ìtáꜜshìtà]
Negative 致さない たさない [ìtásáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 致さなかった たさなかった [ìtásáꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 致せば せば [ìtáꜜsèbà]
Past conditional 致したら したら [ìtáꜜshìtàrà]
Imperative 致せ [ìtáꜜsè]
Volitional 致そう たそ [ìtásóꜜò]
Desiderative 致したい たした [ìtáshítáꜜì]
Formal 致します たしま [ìtáshímáꜜsù]
Formal negative 致しません たしませ [ìtáshímáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 致しましょう たしましょ [ìtáshímáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 致しました たしました [ìtáshímáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 致し
致しに

しに
[ìtáꜜshì]
[ìtáꜜshì nì]
Negative continuative 致さず
致さずに
たさ
たさずに
[ìtásáꜜzù]
[ìtásáꜜzù nì]
Passive 致される たされ [ìtásáréꜜrù]
Causative 致させる
致さす
たさせ
たさ
[ìtásáséꜜrù]
[ìtásáꜜsù]
Potential 致せる たせ [ìtáséꜜrù]

Verb

(いた) • (itasutransitive godan (stem (いた) (itashi), past (いた)した (itashita))

Japanese verb pair
active 致す
mediopassive 至る
  1. to deliver; to send
    (とお)祖国(そこく)(おも)(いた)
    tōi sokoku ni omoi o itasu
    I miss my homeland. (lit., I send my reminiscence to my homeland.)
  2. to have an effect; to lead to a consequence, especially a bad one
    不徳(ふとく)(いた)ところ
    futoku no itasu tokoro
    the damage caused by my wrongdoing
  3. (humble) to do: the humble version of 為る (suru)
    指示(ごしじ)どおり(いた)します
    go shiji dōri ni itashimasu
    I will do as you ordered.
  4. (slang) to masturbate
  5. (slang) to have sex

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, this word is generally written in hiragana as いたす, with the kanji spelling used in more formal writing.

When speaking in formal situations, いたす is used in place of する by the speaker in deference to the listener. This is part of the subset of Japanese formal language (敬語 (keigo)) referred to as "humble" language (謙譲語 (kenjōgo)). This word has also found its way into certain common expressions, such as どういたしまして (dō itashimashite, it's all right; you're welcome).

Conjugation

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN