生ける

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
活ける

Etymology 1

From the classical verb 生く.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [ìkéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])
  • IPA(key): [ike̞ɾɯ̟]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 生ける
Plain 生ける [ìkéꜜrù]
Conjunctive 生けて けて [íꜜkètè]
Perfective 生けた けた [íꜜkètà]
Negative 生けない ない [ìkéꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 生けなかった なかった [ìkéꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 生ければ れば [ìkéꜜrèbà]
Past conditional 生けたら けたら [íꜜkètàrà]
Imperative 生けろ
生けよ

[ìkéꜜrò]
[ìkéꜜyò]
Volitional 生けよう けよ [ìkéyóꜜò]
Desiderative 生けたい けた [ìkétáꜜì]
Formal 生けます けま [ìkémáꜜsù]
Formal negative 生けません けませ [ìkémáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 生けましょう けましょ [ìkémáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 生けました けました [ìkémáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 生け
生けに

けに
[íꜜkè]
[íꜜkè nì]
Negative continuative 生けず
生けずに

ずに
[ìkéꜜzù]
[ìkéꜜzù nì]
Passive 生けられる けられ [ìkéráréꜜrù]
Causative 生けさせる
生けさす
けさせ
けさ
[ìkésáséꜜrù]
[ìkésáꜜsù]
Potential 生けられる
生けれる
けられ
けれ
[ìkéráréꜜrù]
[ìkéréꜜrù]

Verb

()ける • (ikerutransitive ichidan (stem () (ike), past ()けた (iketa))

Japanese verb pair
active 生ける
mediopassive 生きる
  1. to put or arrange in a vase
    (はな)()ける
    hana o ikeru
    to arrange flowers
Usage notes

Used of arranging flowers or other plants in a vase for decorative purposes.

Conjugation
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From () (iki), the 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei, continuative form) of () (iku), plus ある (aru), the 連体形(れんたいけい) (rentaikei, attributive form) of the classical copula あり (ari), indicating an ongoing action (of "living").

This has been later reanalyzed as () (ike, 已然形(いぜんけい) (izenkei, realis) of 生く) + (ru, continuative form of (ri)), since the fusion of /iki/ and /ari/ into /ikeri/ has the same form as the realis would suffixed with (ri). However, the forms are not actually the same; see the etymology notes at (ri) for further explanation.

Since ある (aru) is the attributive form of あり (ari), 生ける overall is a 連体詞(れんたいし) (rentaishi, adnominal).

Adnominal

()ける • (ikeru

  1. having life, living
    ()きとし()けるもの (iki to shi ikeru mono, all living creatures)
    ()ける(しかばね) (ikeru shikabane, living corpse)
    • 2012, 幽閉サテライト (Yūhei Satellite), “花鳥風月 [Kachōfūgetsu]”, in かませ虎 (lyrics), Iceon (music), 華鳥風月 [Kachōfūgetsu], performed by senya:
      ()けるものすべて内側(うちがわ)()つ 華鳥風月(かちょうふうげつ)
      (はか)れないから意味(いみ)がある
      ikeru mono subete uchigawa ni motsu kachōfūgetsu
      hakarenai kara imi ga aru
      All living things hold the beauties of nature within them;
      only because they can't be reckoned with do they have meaning.

References