樞

See also: 枢

樞	U+6A1E, 樞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A1E

← 樝
[U+6A1D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

樟 →
[U+6A1F]

Translingual

Han character

樞 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 木尸口口 (DSRR), four-corner 4191₆, composition ⿰木區)

Derived characters

䉩

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 550, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15450
Dae Jaweon: page 938, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1276, character 4
Unihan data for U+6A1E

Chinese

trad.		樞
simp.		枢

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 樞
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (區) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
摳	kʰoː, kʰo
彄	*kʰoː
剾	kʰoː, qoː
謳	*qoː
歐	qoː, qoːʔ
區	qoː, kʰo
鷗	*qoː
甌	*qoː
漚	qoː, qoːs
瞘	*qoː
嘔	qoː, qoːʔ
櫙	*qoː
膒	*qoː
蓲	qoː, kʰu, qo, qos
醧	qoː, qas
鏂	*qoː
毆	*qoːʔ
塸	*qoːʔ
貙	*kʰl'o
樞	*kʰjo
驅	kʰo, kʰos
軀	*kʰo
嶇	*kʰo
鰸	*kʰo
敺	*kʰo
傴	*qoʔ
嫗	*qos
饇	*qos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰjo): semantic 木 + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shū (shu¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): syu¹
Eastern Min (BUC): kṳ̆
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cy¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): su / chhu / khi / thi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ku¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹sy / ¹tshyu / ¹chiu / ¹tshy / ¹syu
- (Jinhua): ¹chiu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shū
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shu
  - Wade–Giles: shu¹
  - Yale: shū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
  - Palladius: шу (šu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: syu¹
  - Yale: syū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sy¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: xu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /syː⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kṳ̆
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰy⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: cy¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰy⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: cy¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰy⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
  - Tâi-lô: su
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sw
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /su³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhu
  - Tâi-lô: tshu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰu⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khi
  - Tâi-lô: khi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thi
  - Tâi-lô: thi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ty
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰi⁴⁴/

Note:

su/chhu - literary;
khi/thi - vernacular (俗).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ku¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu³³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹sy
  - MiniDict: sy^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹sr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩⁵³/
- (Northern: Jiading, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹tshyu
  - MiniDict: tshyu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Songjiang, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ¹chiu
  - MiniDict: chiu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /cʰy⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕʰy³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕʰy⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡ɕʰy⁵³/
- (Northern: Chongming)
  - Wugniu: ¹tshy
  - MiniDict: tshy^平
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Changzhou, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ¹syu
  - MiniDict: syu^平
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /sz̩ʷ⁵²/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ¹chiu
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕʰy³³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyhu

Rime
Character	樞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	昌朱切
Baxter	tsyhu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰio/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰuə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰio/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤ(r)o/, /*t.qʰ(r)o/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰjo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	樞	樞
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shū	shū
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔuw ›	‹ tsyhu ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁ(r)o/	/*t.qʰ(r)o/
English	a kind of elm	pivot
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	樞
Reading #	1/1
No.	10604
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	樞
Old Chinese	/*kʰjo/

Definitions

樞

Compounds

中樞 / 中枢 (zhōngshū)
天樞 / 天枢
樞機 / 枢机 (shūjī)
樞紐 / 枢纽 (shūniǔ)
樞軸 / 枢轴 (shūzhóu)
要樞 / 要枢

References

“樞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “枢”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 213.

Japanese

Shinjitai	枢
Kyūjitai	樞

Kanji

樞

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 枢)

pivot
door

Readings

Go-on: す (su)
Kan-on: しゅ (shu)
Kan’yō-on: すう (sū)
Kun: とぼそ (toboso, 樞)、からくり (karakuri, 樞)

Korean

Hanja

樞 • (chu, u) (hangeul 추, 우)

door hinge
pivot
center of power

Vietnamese

Han character

樞: Hán Nôm readings: xu, su, sù, xô, xù, xũ, khu, xó, xụ

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