墳
See also: 坟
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Translingual
Han character
墳 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土十廿金 (GJTC), four-corner 44186, composition ⿰土賁)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 239, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5488
- Dae Jaweon: page 479, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 485, character 6
- Unihan data for U+58B3
Chinese
| trad. | 墳 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 坟 | |
| alternative forms | 坆 𡏶 𡼝 隫／𱀡 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 墳 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (奔) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 賁 | *prals, *bɯl, *pɯːn, *bɯn |
| 蟦 | *bɯl, *bɯlʔ, *bɯls |
| 膹 | *bɯlʔ, *bɯnʔ |
| 橨 | *bɯlʔ, *bɯn |
| 奔 | *pɯːn, *pɯːns |
| 錛 | *pɯːn |
| 噴 | *pʰɯːn, *pʰɯːns, *pɯns |
| 濆 | *pʰɯːn, *bɯn |
| 歕 | *pʰɯːn, *pʰɯːns |
| 獖 | *bɯːnʔ |
| 餴 | *pɯn |
| 饙 | *pɯn |
| 僨 | *pɯns |
| 墳 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 燌 | *bɯn |
| 豶 | *bɯn |
| 羵 | *bɯn |
| 蕡 | *bɯn |
| 鐼 | *bɯn, *hmɯns |
| 馩 | *bɯn |
| 轒 | *bɯn, *bɯnʔ |
| 鼖 | *bɯn |
| 憤 | *bɯnʔ |
| 鱝 | *bɯnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bɯn, *bɯnʔ): semantic 土 + phonetic 賁 (OC *prals, *bɯl, *pɯːn, *bɯn).
Etymology
According to STEDT, possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-bʷam ~ s-bʷap (“to swell; swollen, fat, thick; rounded part, mountain, hill”); see 胖 (OC *pʰaːns, “fat (adjective)”) for more.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): fiin4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): feng1
- Eastern Min (BUC): hùng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hong3 / huong3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6ven
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: fén
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fén
- Wade–Giles: fên2
- Yale: fén
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fern
- Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fən³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fen2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fen
- Sinological IPA (key): /fən²¹/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fan4
- Yale: fàhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: fan4
- Guangdong Romanization: fen4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fun3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fun²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pùn / fùn
- Hakka Romanization System: bunˇ / funˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bun2 / fun2
- Sinological IPA: /pun¹¹/, /fun¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: pun / fun
- Sinological IPA: /pʰun⁵⁵/, /fun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: fun2
- Sinological IPA: /fun¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note:
- pùn/pun - vernacular;
- fùn/fun - literary.
- Jin
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hong3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: heông
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: huong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /huoŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûn
- Tâi-lô: hûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: huun
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hun²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phûn
- Tâi-lô: phûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: phuun
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰun²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /pʰun²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: pung5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phûng
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰuŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: bjun
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bɯn/
Definitions
墳
Synonyms
- (grave):
Dialectal synonyms of 墳 (“grave”) [map]
Compounds
- 三墳 / 三坟
- 上墳 / 上坟 (shàngfén)
- 三墳五典 / 三坟五典
- 丘墳 / 丘坟
- 亂墳崗 / 乱坟岗 (luànfèngǎng)
- 五子哭墳 / 五子哭坟
- 典墳 / 典坟
- 圓墳 / 圆坟
- 墳典 / 坟典
- 墳圈子 / 坟圈子
- 墳園 / 坟园
- 墳地 / 坟地 (féndì)
- 墳場 / 坟场 (fénchǎng)
- 墳塚 / 坟冢 (fénzhǒng)
- 墳塋 / 坟茔 (fényíng)
- 墳墓 / 坟墓 (fénmù)
- 墳壤 / 坟壤
- 墳山 / 坟山 (fénshān)
- 墳所 / 坟所
- 墳樹 / 坟树
- 墳然 / 坟然
- 墳籍 / 坟籍
- 墳起 / 坟起
- 墳陵 / 坟陵
- 墳頭 / 坟头 (féntóu)
- 孤墳 / 孤坟
- 孤墳野塚 / 孤坟野冢
- 小上墳 / 小上坟
- 岳墳 / 岳坟
- 新墳 / 新坟
- 汝墳 / 汝坟
- 添墳 / 添坟
- 皇墳 / 皇坟
- 看墳 / 看坟
- 祖墳 / 祖坟 (zǔfén)
- 祭墳 / 祭坟
- 自掘墳墓 / 自掘坟墓 (zìjuéfénmù)
- 負土成墳 / 负土成坟
- 錯上墳 / 错上坟
- 陽墳 / 阳坟
Descendants
- → Zhuang: faenz
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
- Wade–Giles: fên4
- Yale: fèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
- Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fan5
- Yale: fáhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: fan5
- Guangdong Romanization: fen5
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɐn¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: bjunX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bɯnʔ/
Definitions
墳
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fertile
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
- Wade–Giles: fên4
- Yale: fèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
- Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
墳
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of land) to bulge
References
- “墳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “坟”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 65.
Japanese
Kanji
墳
Readings
Compounds
Definitions
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 墳 |
| うぐろもち Grade: S |
| irregular |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 墳 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 墳, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- “△墳”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 墳 (MC bjun).
Hanja
Vietnamese
Han character
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