Translingual
Han character
呂 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口竹口 (RHR), four-corner 60600, composition ⿳口丿口)
Derived characters
- 侶, 𠴊, 𡋿, 㛎, 𢙲, 𤞪, 𨹬, 𨓐, 梠, 𣨕, 𥆻, 𥓅, 𥺓, 絽, 𠒦, 躳, 𡳎, 鋁, 𤀗, 𥖓
- 𠭤, 𥖕, 𤳧, 𡄀, 宮, 𡱶, 莒, 営, 筥, 營, 麿, 閭
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 181, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3386
- Dae Jaweon: page 398, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 577, character 12
- Unihan data for U+5442
Chinese
Glyph origin
Ji Xusheng (2014): Pictogram (象形): two blocks of metal. Original form of 鋁 (“ingot”). Later incorporated into 金 (“metal”) as a semantic component.
Shuowen interprets it as a pictogram of two vertebrae. However, the two blocks were originally disconnected, and the connecting line was only added in the seal script.
Later phonetically borrowed as an instance of jiajie (假借) to represent 膂 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “spine”) and 呂 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “music notes”). The character was later also borrowed and stylized for 予 (OC *la, *laʔ, “I; give”).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ra-t (“bone”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃y³³/
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Longyan)
Note:
- lū/lǐr/lī/līr - vernacular, and for surname;
- lú/lír/lí - literary.
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6li; 6liu
- MiniDict: li去; liu去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3li; 3ly
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²³/, /ly²³/
Note:
- 3li - vernacular;
- 3ly - literary.
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
呂
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
lǚ
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ ljoX ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*[r]aʔ/
|
| English
|
spine; pitch-pipe
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
呂
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
8579
|
Phonetic component
|
呂
|
Rime group
|
魚
|
Rime subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
吕
|
Old Chinese
|
/*ɡ·raʔ/
|
| Notes
|
甲金文象鑄青銅器用的鋌塊, 中不連,非膂初文
|
Definitions
呂
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, anatomy) spine
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, music) even-numbered notes in shí'èrlǜ
- Lü, a state in China that existed in the early years of the Spring and Autumn Period
- a surname
- 呂布/吕布 ― Lǚ Bù ― Lü Bu (Chinese military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty)
Descendants
Compounds
- 中呂 / 中吕
- 九鼎大呂 / 九鼎大吕
- 伊呂 / 伊吕
- 六呂 / 六吕
- 南呂 / 南吕
- 呂公枕 / 吕公枕
- 呂劇 / 吕剧 (lǚjù)
- 呂安題鳳 / 吕安题凤
- 呂宋 / 吕宋 (Lǚsòng)
- 呂寨 / 吕寨 (Lǚzhài)
- 呂梁 (Lüliang)
- 呂梁山
- 呂氏春秋 / 吕氏春秋 (Lǚshìchūnqiū)
- 呂洞賓 / 吕洞宾 (Lǚ Dòngbīn)
- 呂相 / 吕相
- 呂祖 / 吕祖 (Lǚzǔ)
- 呂蒙 / 吕蒙
- 呂蒙正 / 吕蒙正
- 呂覽 / 吕览 (Lǚlǎn)
- 大呂 / 大吕
- 小呂 / 小吕
- 律呂 / 律吕 (lǜlǚ)
- 律呂正義 / 律吕正义
- 知音諳呂 / 知音谙吕
- 音呂 / 音吕
- 黃鐘大呂 / 黄钟大吕
Japanese
Kanji
呂
(Jōyō kanji)
- spine
- backbone
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term
|
| 呂
|
せぼね Grade: S
|
| kun'yomi
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 呂 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 呂, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term
|
| 呂
|
りょ Grade: S
|
| kan'on
|
From Middle Chinese 呂 (MC ljoX).
Pronunciation
Noun
呂 • (ryo) ←りよ (ryo)?
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Proper noun
呂 • (Ryo) ←りよ (Ryo)?
- an orthographic borrowing of the Chinese surname 呂 / 吕 (lǚ), Lü
Korean
Hanja
呂 (eum 려 (ryeo))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
呂: Hán Nôm readings: lã, lả, lỡ, lử, lữa, rả, rứa, trả, trở, lớ, lở, lữ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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