僭

僭 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+12, 14 strokes, cangjie input 人一山日 (OMUA), four-corner 2526₁, composition ⿰亻朁)

1. assume, usurp

• 𠠭, 𧹿

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 117, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1128
• Dae Jaweon: page 249, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 218, character 5
• Unihan data for U+50ED

僭

1. (literary) to usurp; to overstep; to assume

   • 太史公讀《秦記》，至犬戎敗幽王，周東徙洛邑，秦襄公始封為諸侯，作西畤用事上帝，僭端見矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     太史公读《秦记》，至犬戎败幽王，周东徙洛邑，秦襄公始封为诸侯，作西畤用事上帝，僭端见矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Tàishǐgōng dú “Qínjì”, zhì Quǎnróng bài Yōuwáng, Zhōu dōng xǐ Luòyì, Qín Xiānggōng shǐ fēng wéi zhūhóu, zuò xī zhì yòng shì shàngdì, jiàn duān xiàn yǐ. [Pinyin]

     When I read the annals of Qin, I come to the time when the Dog Rong defeated King You, the Zhou dynasty moved its capital east to Luoyang, and Duke Xiang of Qin was enfeoffed as one of the feudal lords. He established the Altar of the West, using it to sacrifice to the Lord on High. Here one can see the beginnings of usurpation.

2. (Hong Kong) short for 僭建
   • 2011 June 16, 陳也, “玻璃屋vs僭行者”, in Apple Daily‎^[1], archived from the original on 21 June 2021:

     林鄭讓步，將丁屋天台的發水玻璃屋削半，即是僭半邊冇問題，全僭就等住屋宇署來拆 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
     林郑让步，将丁屋天台的发水玻璃屋削半，即是僭半边冇问题，全僭就等住屋宇署来拆 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

     lam⁴ zeng⁶ joeng⁶ bou⁶, zoeng¹ ding¹ uk¹ tin¹ toi^4-2 dik¹ faat³ seoi² bo¹ lei⁴ uk¹ soek³ bun³, zik¹ si⁶ cim⁵ bun³ bin¹ mou⁵ man⁶ tai⁴, cyun⁴ cim⁵ zau⁶ dang² zyu⁶ uk¹ jyu⁵ cyu⁵ loi⁴ caak³ [Jyutping]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2012 November 18, “僭建「鬼舖」封逃生路　銅鑼灣3條街15間”, in Apple Daily‎^[2], archived from the original on 21 June 2021:

     有人早已覷準銅鑼灣寸金尺地，竟偷偷封巷、霸樓梯底，連大廈外牆亦不放過，僭出「鬼舖」放租，3條街至少有15間，但不少鬼舖霸地封逃生出口，一旦火警，隨時引發大災難。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
     有人早已觑准铜锣湾寸金尺地，竟偷偷封巷、霸楼梯底，连大厦外墙亦不放过，僭出「鬼铺」放租，3条街至少有15间，但不少鬼铺霸地封逃生出口，一旦火警，随时引发大灾难。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

     jau⁵ jan⁴ zou² ji⁵ ceoi³ zeon² tung⁴ lo⁴ waan¹ cyun³ gam¹ cek³ dei⁶, ging² tau¹ tau¹ fung¹ hong^6-2, baa³ lau⁴ tai¹ dai², lin⁴ daai⁶ haa⁶ ngoi⁶ coeng⁴ jik⁶ bat¹ fong³ gwo³, cim³ ceot¹ “gwai² pou³” fong³ zou¹, 3 tiu⁴ gaai¹ zi³ siu² jau⁵ 15 gaan¹, daan⁶ bat¹ siu² gwai² pou³ baa³ dei⁶ fung¹ tou⁴ sang¹ ceot¹ hau², jat¹ daan³ fo² ging², ceoi⁴ si⁴ jan⁵ faat³ daai⁶ zoi¹ naan⁶. [Jyutping]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2017 August 23, “探射燈：僭建地牢遍豪宅　屋署塞責”, in 東網‎^[3]:

     西貢有屋豪裝地牢，而元朗則有豪宅獨立屋僭出地牢「劏房」。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
     西贡有屋豪装地牢，而元朗则有豪宅独立屋僭出地牢「㓥房」。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

     sai¹ gung³ jau⁵ uk¹ hou⁴ zong¹ dei⁶ lou⁴, ji⁴ jyun⁴ long⁵ zak¹ jau⁵ hou⁴ zaak^6-2 duk⁶ laap⁶ uk¹ cim⁵ ceot¹ dei⁶ lou⁴ “tong¹ fong^4-2”. [Jyutping]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2023 September 13, “紅山半島｜豪宅愈僭愈值錢　還原後價值勢減　74號屋業主為人低調”, in 香港01‎^[4]:

     有豪宅代理明言，這類豪宅向來「愈僭愈值錢」，惟在近期部門緊盯下，若需還原，樓價恐縮水。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
     有豪宅代理明言，这类豪宅向来「愈僭愈值钱」，惟在近期部门紧盯下，若需还原，楼价恐缩水。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

     jau⁵ hou⁴ zaak^6-2 doi⁶ lei⁵ ming⁴ jin⁴, ze² leoi⁶ hou⁴ zaak^6-2 hoeng³ loi⁴ “jyu⁶ cim⁵ jyu⁶ zik⁶ cin^4-2”, wai⁴ zoi⁶ gan⁶ kei⁴ bou⁶ mun⁴ gan² deng¹ haa⁶, joek⁶ seoi¹ waan⁴ jyun⁴, lau⁴ gaa³ hung² suk¹ seoi². [Jyutping]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• “僭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[5], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Hyōgai kanji)

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• On (unclassified): せん (sen)、しん (shin)
• Kun: おごる (ogoru)

僭 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am)

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僭: Hán Nôm readings: tiếm

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