ἄνευ

See also: άνευ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

𐠀𐠚𐠄 (a-ne-u) — Cypriot
ᾰ̓́νῐς (ắnĭs) — Megarian
ᾰ̓́νευν (ắneun), ᾰ̓́νευς (ắneus)

Etymology

Unknown. Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *sń̥h₂u^[1] or *sn̥h₂eu,^[2] which could be derived from a more primary particle *sń̥ (“separated, without”) or the locative of some (hard to identify) noun. If this is correct, likely related to Sanskrit सनुतर् (sanutár, “far away”), Latin sine (“without”), Old Irish sain- (“separated”), Khotanese [script needed] (anau, “without”), Tocharian B snai (“without”). Alternatively, cognate with Proto-Germanic *ēnu ~ *inu ~ *ēneu (“without”), both from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḗn-u, loc.sg. *h₂n-éw, perhaps from *h₂en- (“to scoop”) (via the sense “scooped away, removed (from)” or similar),^[3] but this relies on Eichner's law, which is controversial.

The suffix on the Megarian form requires further assumptions to explain. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.neu̯/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.new/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.neβ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.nev/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.nev/

Preposition

ᾰ̓́νευ • (ắneu) (governs the genitive)

without

Derived terms

ἄνευθεν (áneuthen)

Related terms

ἄτερ (áter)

Descendants

Greek: άνευ (ánef)

References

^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 713
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “Ἄνευ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ē̆nu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

“ἄνευ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ἄνευ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“ἄνευ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἄνευ in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἄνευ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἄνευ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
“ἄνευ”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G427 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- apart from idem, page 33.
- default idem, page 203.
- except idem, page 288.
- exclusive idem, page 289.
- unauthorised idem, page 907.
- without idem, page 984.

[1] Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 713

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “Ἄνευ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ē̆nu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]