विद्यमान
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit विद्यमान (vidyamāna).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʋɪd̪.jə.mɑːn/, [ʋɪd̪.jɐ.mä̃ːn]
Adjective
विद्यमान • (vidyamān) (indeclinable)
- existent, extant, present
- 1988, भारत एक खोज [bhārat ek khoj] (television production), via DD National:
- वह था हिरण्यगर्भ सृष्टि से पहले विद्यमान
वही तो सारे भूत जात का स्वामी महान
जो है अस्तित्वमान धरती-आसमान धारण कर
ऐसे किस देवता की उपासना करें हम हवि देकर- vah thā hiraṇyagarbh sŕṣṭi se pahle vidyamān
vahī to sāre bhūt jāt kā svāmī mahān
jo hai astitvamān dhartī-āsmān dhāraṇ kar
aise kis devtā kī upāsnā karẽ ham havi dekar - [original: हिरण्यगर्भस् सम् अवर्तताग्रे भूतस्य जातः पतिर् एक आसीत् । स दाधार पृथिवीं द्याम् उतेमां कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥]
- hiraṇyagarbhas sam avartatāgre bhūtasya jātaḥ patir eka āsīt. sa dādhāra pṛthivīṃ dyām utemāṃ kasmai devāya haviṣā vidhema.
- He was Hiraṇyagarbha, existent before the creation
The great Lord of all created beings
The existent one holding up the Earth and the Sky
Which such God shall we venerate by giving oblations
- vah thā hiraṇyagarbh sŕṣṭi se pahle vidyamān
References
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “विद्यमान”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4480
- Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “विद्यमान”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 705
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “विद्यमान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 921
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱিদ্যমান (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬᬫᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
- বিদ্যমান (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰰𑰟𑰿𑰧𑰦𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀬𑀫𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ဝိဒျမာန (Burmese script)
- વિદ્યમાન (Gujarati script)
- ਵਿਦ੍ਯਮਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌿𑌦𑍍𑌯𑌮𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦶꦢꦾꦩꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂱𑂠𑂹𑂨𑂧𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ವಿದ್ಯಮಾನ (Kannada script)
- វិទ្យមាន (Khmer script)
- ວິທ຺ຍມານ (Lao script)
- വിദ്യമാന (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡳᡩᠶᠠᠮᠠ᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘱𑘟𑘿𑘧𑘦𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠢᢑᠶ᠋ᠠᠮᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧒𑦿𑧠𑧇𑧆𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐶𑐡𑑂𑐫𑐩𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଵିଦ୍ଯମାନ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢶꢣ꣄ꢫꢪꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆴𑆢𑇀𑆪𑆩𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖰𑖟𑖿𑖧𑖦𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
- විද්යමාන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩑𑩭 𑪙𑩻𑩴𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚮𑚛𑚶𑚣𑚢𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
- வித்³யமாந (Tamil script)
- విద్యమాన (Telugu script)
- วิทฺยมาน (Thai script)
- ཝི་དྱ་མཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒱𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒧𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨁𑨛𑩇𑨪𑨢𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the stem of विद्यते (vidyate, “to exist”) + -मान (-māna).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ʋid.jɐ.mɑː.nɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ʋid̪.jɐ.mɑː.n̪ɐ/
Participle
विद्यमान • (vidyamāna) present passive participle (root विद्)
- present passive participle of विद् (vid, “to find; feel, experience”): being found, being felt or experienced; existent, extant, present; real, actual
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.15:
- नैहेतार्थान् प्रसङ्गेन न विरुद्धेन कर्मणा ।
न विद्यमानेष्व् अर्थेषु नार्त्याम् अपि यतस् ततः ॥- naihetārthān prasaṅgena na viruddhena karmaṇā.
na vidyamāneṣv artheṣu nārtyām api yatas tataḥ. - One must never try to obtain wealth by illicit pursuits or evil acts;
In both cases, when wealth is existent and also when in misery.
- naihetārthān prasaṅgena na viruddhena karmaṇā.
- नैहेतार्थान् प्रसङ्गेन न विरुद्धेन कर्मणा ।
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.11.47:
- तत्राविनष्टावयवान् विद्यमानशिरोधरान् ।
उशना जीवयामास संजीवन्या स्वविद्यया ॥- tatrāvinaṣṭāvayavān vidyamānaśirodharān.
uśanā jīvayāmāsa saṃjīvanyā svavidyayā. - There, Śukra, by his skill of reviving the dead, brought back to life the demons whose body parts were not destroyed and whose necks were still existing.
- tatrāvinaṣṭāvayavān vidyamānaśirodharān.
- तत्राविनष्टावयवान् विद्यमानशिरोधरान् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | विद्यमानः (vidyamānaḥ) | विद्यमानौ (vidyamānau) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) विद्यमानासः¹ (vidyamānāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | विद्यमानम् (vidyamānam) | विद्यमानौ (vidyamānau) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
विद्यमानान् (vidyamānān) |
| instrumental | विद्यमानेन (vidyamānena) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानैः (vidyamānaiḥ) विद्यमानेभिः¹ (vidyamānebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | विद्यमानाय (vidyamānāya) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | विद्यमानात् (vidyamānāt) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | विद्यमानस्य (vidyamānasya) | विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ) | विद्यमानानाम् (vidyamānānām) |
| locative | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ) | विद्यमानेषु (vidyamāneṣu) |
| vocative | विद्यमान (vidyamāna) | विद्यमानौ (vidyamānau) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) विद्यमानासः¹ (vidyamānāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | विद्यमाना (vidyamānā) | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) |
| accusative | विद्यमानाम् (vidyamānām) | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) |
| instrumental | विद्यमानया (vidyamānayā) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानाभिः (vidyamānābhiḥ) |
| dative | विद्यमानायै (vidyamānāyai) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानाभ्यः (vidyamānābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | विद्यमानायाः (vidyamānāyāḥ) विद्यमानायै² (vidyamānāyai²) |
विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानाभ्यः (vidyamānābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | विद्यमानायाः (vidyamānāyāḥ) विद्यमानायै² (vidyamānāyai²) |
विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ) | विद्यमानानाम् (vidyamānānām) |
| locative | विद्यमानायाम् (vidyamānāyām) | विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ) | विद्यमानासु (vidyamānāsu) |
| vocative | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | विद्यमानम् (vidyamānam) | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
| accusative | विद्यमानम् (vidyamānam) | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
| instrumental | विद्यमानेन (vidyamānena) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानैः (vidyamānaiḥ) विद्यमानेभिः¹ (vidyamānebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | विद्यमानाय (vidyamānāya) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | विद्यमानात् (vidyamānāt) | विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām) | विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | विद्यमानस्य (vidyamānasya) | विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ) | विद्यमानानाम् (vidyamānānām) |
| locative | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ) | विद्यमानेषु (vidyamāneṣu) |
| vocative | विद्यमान (vidyamāna) | विद्यमाने (vidyamāne) | विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- अविद्यमान (avidyamāna)
- विद्यमानता (vidyamānatā)
- विद्यमानत्व (vidyamānatva)
Descendants
- → Bengali: বিদ্যমান (biddoman)
- → Gujarati: વિદ્યમાન (vidyamān)
- → Hindi: विद्यमान (vidyamān)
- → Marathi: विद्यमान (vidyamān)
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “विद्यमान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 965, column 1.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025), “vid”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “विद्यमान”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1440