गुल

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡʊl/
Hyphenation: गुल
Rhymes: -ʊl

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गुल (gula).

Noun

गुल • (gul) m (Urdu spelling گل)

raw or unrefined sugar, molasses, jaggery
the glans penis
the clitoris

Declension

Declension of *गुल* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	गुल gul	गुल gul
oblique	गुल gul	गुलों gulõ
vocative	गुल gul	गुलो gulo

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Iranian *wardah

Old Persian *vr̥dah

Middle Persian gwl (gul)

Classical Persian (gul)bor.

Hindi गुल (gul)

Borrowed from Classical Persian (gul).

Noun

गुल • (gul) m (Urdu spelling گُل)

flower
Synonyms: फूल (phūl), पुष्प (puṣp), कुसुम (kusum)
rose
Synonym: गुलाब (gulāb)

Declension

Declension of *गुल* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	गुल gul	गुल gul
oblique	गुल gul	गुलों gulõ
vocative	गुल gul	गुलो gulo

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “गुल”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha

Kashmiri

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Iranian *wardah

Old Persian *vr̥dah

Middle Persian gwl (gul)

Classical Persian (gul)bor.

Kashmiri गुल (gul)

Borrowed from Classical Persian (gul).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡul/

Noun

गुल • (gul) m (Perso-Arabic گُل)

flower

Synonyms

पोश (pōś)

References

S. K. Toshakhani; Mohiuddin Hajni; Prithvi Nath Pushp; Mirza Ghulam Hassan Beg Arif; Ghulam Nabi Gowhar (1968-1980), Kashir Dictionary Vol 5‎^[1] (in Kashmiri), volume 5, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 361

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

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Alternative scripts

গুল (Assamese script)
ᬕᬸᬮ (Balinese script)
গুল (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰲𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀼𑀮 (Brahmi script)
ဂုလ (Burmese script)
ગુલ (Gujarati script)
ਗੁਲ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑍁𑌲 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦸꦭ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂳𑂪 (Kaithi script)
ಗುಲ (Kannada script)
គុល (Khmer script)
ຄຸລ (Lao script)
ഗുല (Malayalam script)
ᡤᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘳𑘩 (Modi script)
ᠺᠤᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧔𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐸𑐮 (Newa script)
ଗୁଲ (Odia script)
ꢔꢸꢭ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆶𑆬 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖲𑖩 (Siddham script)
ගුල (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩒𑩽 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚰𑚥 (Takri script)
கு³ல (Tamil script)
గుల (Telugu script)
คุล (Thai script)
གུ་ལ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒳𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨃𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡu.lɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡu.l̪ɐ/

Noun

गुल • (gula) stem, m

raw or unrefined sugar, molasses
the glans penis
Synonyms: see Thesaurus:गुल
the clitoris

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गुल
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	गुलः (gulaḥ)	गुलौ (gulau) गुला¹ (gulā¹)	गुलाः (gulāḥ) गुलासः¹ (gulāsaḥ¹)
accusative	गुलम् (gulam)	गुलौ (gulau) गुला¹ (gulā¹)	गुलान् (gulān)
instrumental	गुलेन (gulena)	गुलाभ्याम् (gulābhyām)	गुलैः (gulaiḥ) गुलेभिः¹ (gulebhiḥ¹)
dative	गुलाय (gulāya)	गुलाभ्याम् (gulābhyām)	गुलेभ्यः (gulebhyaḥ)
ablative	गुलात् (gulāt)	गुलाभ्याम् (gulābhyām)	गुलेभ्यः (gulebhyaḥ)
genitive	गुलस्य (gulasya)	गुलयोः (gulayoḥ)	गुलानाम् (gulānām)
locative	गुले (gule)	गुलयोः (gulayoḥ)	गुलेषु (guleṣu)
vocative	गुल (gula)	गुलौ (gulau) गुला¹ (gulā¹)	गुलाः (gulāḥ) गुलासः¹ (gulāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

→ Hindi: गुल (gul) (learned)
→ Malay: gula
- Indonesian: gula
→ Old Javanese: gula
- Javanese: ꦒꦸꦭ (gula)
- → Balinese: ᬕᬸᬮ (gula)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “गुल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 360.

Sheshi Kham

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡul/

Noun

गुल (transliteration needed)

snake