کنار

See also: كنار

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (knʾl /⁠kanār⁠/, “side, edge”), from a metathesis of (karân, “border, edge”).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ka.ˈnaːr/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɪ.nɑ́ːɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰɪ.nɑ́ːɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰi.nɔ́ːɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰʲe.nɒ́ːɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰä.nɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	kanār
Dari reading^?	kinār
Iranian reading^?	kenâr
Tajik reading^?	kanor

Noun

کنار • (kanār / kenâr) (Tajik spelling канор)

side
edge; limit; boundary
Synonyms: حد (hadd), کران (karān / karân)
shore, coast
Synonym: ساحل (sāhil / sâhel)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume VI, verse 3881:
  علم دریاییست بی‌حد و کنار
  طالب علمست غواص بحار
  ilm daryāyē-st bē-hadd u kanār
  tālib-i ilm ast ġawwās-i bihār
  Knowledge is an ocean without bounds or shore: the seeker of knowledge is the diver in [those] seas.
(poetic) embrace, hug; (metonymic) chest, bosom
Synonym: آغوش (āġōš / âġuš)

― bus o kenâr ― kissing and embracing
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 93:
  دست بگشاد و کنارانش گرفت
  همچو عشق اندر دل و جانش گرفت
  dast bugšād u kinārān-aš girift
  hamčō išq andar dil u jān-aš girift
  He opened his hands and clasped him to his breast and received him, like love, into his heart and soul.

Derived terms

کناره (kanāra / kenâre)

Descendants

→ Bengali: কিনার (kinār)
→ Gujarati: કિનાર (kinār)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: किनार (kinār)

Urdu: كنار (kinār)
→ Kazakh: қанар (qanar)
- → Russian: кана́р (kanár)
→ Old Anatolian Turkish: كنار (känar)
- Azerbaijani: kənar
- Ottoman Turkish: كنار (kenar)
  - Turkish: kenar
  - → Arabic: كَنَار (kanār, “a border in architecture”)
  - → Bulgarian: кена́р (kenár, “a kind of lace; border, end”)
  - → Macedonian: ќенар (ḱenar, “a kind of lace”)
  - → Romanian: chenar
  - → Serbo-Croatian: (“a kind of lace; border, end”)
    Cyrillic script: ћѐна̄р
    Latin script: ćènār
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਕਿਨਾਰ (kinār)

Shahmukhi script: كنار (kinār)
→ Uzbek: qanor
- → Russian: кана́р (kanár)

Preposition

Picture dictionary

کنار

Prepositions of location

کنار • (kanār / kenâr) (Tajik spelling канор) (with ezafe)

next to, besides
(literary Iranian Persian)
âyâ mi-tavânim kenâr-e panjere be-nešinim?
Can we sit next to the window?

(colloquial Tehrani)
mi-še kenâr-e panjere be-šinim?
Can we sit next to the window?

Adverb

کنار • (kanār / kenâr) (Tajik spelling канор)

aside

References

^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 287
^ Nourai, Ali (2011), An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 424

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kunār). Compare Classical Syriac ܟܢܪܐ (kənārā), Old Armenian քնարուկ (kʻnaruk), Late Koine Greek κόνναρος (kónnaros), Iranian borrowings. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ku.ˈnaːr/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰʊ.nɑ́ːɾ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰʊ.nɑ́ːɾ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰu.nɔ́ːɾ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰo.nɒ́ːɹ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰu.nɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	kunār
Dari reading^?	kunār
Iranian reading^?	konâr
Tajik reading^?	kunor

Noun

کنار • (kunār / konâr) (Tajik spelling кунор)

Ziziphus, especially of species Ziziphus spina-christi

References

 Monchi-Zadeh, Davoud (1990), Wörter aus Xurāsān und ihre Herkunft (Acta Iranica; 29)‎^[1] (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 19–20 fn. 17

[1] Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 287

[2] Nourai, Ali (2011), An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 424

[1]

[2]