شطرنج

Arabic

Etymology

  • From Early Classical Persian چَتْرَنگ (čatrang), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭠𐭲𐭫𐭠𐭭𐭢 (cʾtlʾng /⁠čatrang⁠/, “chess”), from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga).

    Noun

    شِطْرَنْج or شَطْرَنْج • (šiṭranj or šaṭranj) m

    1. shatranj
    2. chess

    Declension

    Declension of noun شِطْرَنْج (šiṭranj)‎; شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj)
    singular basic singular triptote
    indefinite definite construct
    informal شِطْرَنْج‎; شَطْرَنْج
    šiṭranj‎; šaṭranj     		الشِّطْرَنْج‎; الشَّطْرَنْج
    aš-šiṭranj‎; aš-šaṭranj     		شِطْرَنْج‎; شَطْرَنْج
    šiṭranj‎; šaṭranj
    nominative شِطْرَنْجٌ‎; شَطْرَنْجٌ
    šiṭranjun‎; šaṭranjun     		الشِّطْرَنْجُ‎; الشَّطْرَنْجُ
    aš-šiṭranju‎; aš-šaṭranju     		شِطْرَنْجُ‎; شَطْرَنْجُ
    šiṭranju‎; šaṭranju
    accusative شِطْرَنْجًا‎; شَطْرَنْجًا
    šiṭranjan‎; šaṭranjan     		الشِّطْرَنْجَ‎; الشَّطْرَنْجَ
    aš-šiṭranja‎; aš-šaṭranja     		شِطْرَنْجَ‎; شَطْرَنْجَ
    šiṭranja‎; šaṭranja
    genitive شِطْرَنْجٍ‎; شَطْرَنْجٍ
    šiṭranjin‎; šaṭranjin     		الشِّطْرَنْجِ‎; الشَّطْرَنْجِ
    aš-šiṭranji‎; aš-šaṭranji     		شِطْرَنْجِ‎; شَطْرَنْجِ
    šiṭranji‎; šaṭranji

    Descendants

    North Levantine Arabic

    Etymology

    From Arabic شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj). Hyperforeignized to French phonology by some speakers.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʃa.tˤa.ranʒ/ [ʃɑ.tˤɑ.ˈɾɑnʒ]
    • (hyperforeign) IPA(key): /ʃa.ta.rõːʒ/ [ʃa.ta.ˈɾɒ̃ːʒ]

    Noun

    شطرنج • (šaṭaranj, šatarō̃j) m

    1. chess

    Persian

    Alternative forms

    • شترنج (šatranj), اشترنج (eštranj), اشترنگ (eštrang), شترنگ (šatrang), چترنگ (čatrang), سترنگ (satrang), سطرنج (satranj), شفطرنج (šafatranj)

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Arabic شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj, “shatranj, chess”), from Early Classical Persian چَتْرَنْگ (čatrang), from Middle Persian [script needed] (ctlng /⁠čatrang⁠/, “chess”), from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga).

    Pronunciation

     

    Readings
    Classical reading? šatranj
    Dari reading? šatranj
    Iranian reading? šatranj
    Tajik reading? šatranj

    Noun

    شطرنج • (šatranj) (Tajik spelling шатранҷ)

    1. shatranj
      بازیِ شَطْرَنْج ― bâzi-ye šatranj ― a game of chess
    2. chess

    See also

    Chess pieces in Persian · مهره‌های شطرنج (mohre-hâye šatranj) (layout · text)
    شاه (šâh) وزیر (vazir),
    فرزین (farzin)     		رخ (rox),
    قلعه (qal'e)     		فیل (fil) اسب (asb) پیاده (piyâde),
    سرباز (sarbâz)

    Punjabi

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    شَطرَنج • (śat̤ranj) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਤਰੰਜ)

    1. chess
    2. shatranj

    Declension

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    2=śat̤ranj
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    Declension of شطرنج
    singular plural
    direct شَطرَنج (śat̤ranj) شَطرَنج (śat̤ranj)
    oblique شَطرَنج (śat̤ranj) شَطرَنجاں (śat̤ranjāṉ)
    vocative شَطرَنجا (śat̤ranjā) شَطرَنجو (śat̤ranjo)
    ablative شَطرَنجوں (śat̤ranjoṉ) شَطرَنجاں (śat̤ranjāṉ)
    locative شَطرَنجے (śat̤ranje) شَطرَنجِیں (śat̤ranjīṉ)
    instrumental شَطرَنجوں (śat̤ranjoṉ) –

    Synonyms

    References

    • “ਸ਼ਤਰੰਜ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025

    South Levantine Arabic

    Etymology

    From Arabic شَطْرَنْج (šaṭranj).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʃatˤ.ranʒ/, [ʃɑtˤˈrˤɑnʒ]
    • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

    Noun

    شطرنج • (šaṭranj) m

    1. chess

    See also

    Chess pieces in South Levantine Arabic · قطع الشطرنج (ʔuṭaʕ iš-šaṭranj) (layout · text)
    ملك (malik) ملكة (malike) قلعة (ʔalʕa) وزير (wazīr) حصان (ḥsān) جندي (jundi)

    Urdu

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Arabic شطرنج (šaṭranj), from Early Classical Persian چَتْرَنْگ (čatrang), from Middle Persian [script needed] (ctlng /⁠čatrang⁠/, “chess”), from Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga, “four parts of an army: king, elephants, horses, foot soldiers”).

    Noun

    شطرنج • (šatranj) f (Hindi spelling शतरंज)

    1. shatranj
    2. chess
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